ArticleJournal of clinical microbiology2015
Significance of a Positive Toxoplasma Immunoglobulin M Test Result in the United States.
Article in Journal of clinical microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- Novel paradigm enables accurate monthly gestational screening to prevent congenital toxoplasmosis and more.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Trial
- The Hidden Risk of Toxoplasmosis in the Expanding Immunomodulated Host Population: A Call for Guidelines and Registries in Patients on Biologics, Small Molecules, and Cellular Therapies.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Real-World Utilization Patterns of Toxoplasmosis Diagnostic Testing in Korea: A Large-Scale Laboratory-Based Study.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2026Article
- Using dried blood spots to estimate Toxoplasma gondii seroprevalence in pregnant women in Catalonia, Spain, and to serologically diagnose congenital toxoplasmosis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Review of Toxoplasmosis: What We Still Need to Do.Veterinary sciences · 2025Review
- Emerging Trends in Toxoplasmosis Seroepidemiology in Childbearing-Aged Women in Croatia, 2015-2024.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Review
- Serological and molecular detection of Toxoplasma Gondii among cancer patients in Sohag, Upper Egypt: a case-control study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Zoonotic infections of the Canadian Arctic.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2025Review
- Toxoplasma gondii IgG serointensity and cognitive function in bipolar disorder.International journal of bipolar disorders · 2024Article
- Detection ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Review
- Recombinant AMA1 Virus-like Particle Antigen for Serodiagnosis ofBiomedicines · 2022Article
- Assessment of intestinal and blood protozoan infections among pregnant women visiting ante-natal care at Tafo Hospital, Ghana.Heliyon · 2022Article
- Public Health Surveillance and Reporting for Human Toxoplasmosis - Six States, 2021.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2022Article
- Seroprevalence ofPeerJ · 2022Article
- Toxoplasmosis and Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prevalence and Associations and Future Directions.Psychiatric research and clinical practice · 2022Article
- Application ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Article
- Seroprevalence of Gestational and Neonatal Toxoplasmosis as well as Risk Factors in Yaoundé, Cameroon.Journal of parasitology research · 2022Article
- Descriptive Comparison of ELISAs for the Detection ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Toxoplasmosis Outbreak Associated With Toxoplasma gondii-Contaminated Venison-High Attack Rate, Unusual Clinical Presentation, and Atypical Genotype.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A positive Toxoplasma immunoglobulin M (IgM) result is often interpreted as a marker of an acute infection. However, IgM can persist for several years, and Toxoplasma commercial IgM diagnostic test kits can yield a number of false-positive results. For these reasons, a chronic Toxoplasma infection can be erroneously classified as an acute infection, resulting in serious adverse consequences, especially in pregnant women, leading to emotional distress and unnecessary interventions, including termination of pregnancy. Interpretation of Toxoplasma serology at a reference laboratory can help differentiate a recently acquired infection from a chronic infection. Serological test results for 451 patients with positive Toxoplasma IgM and IgG test results obtained at nonreference laboratories (NRLs) that were referred to Palo Alto Medical Foundation Toxoplasma Serology Laboratory (PAMF-TSL) to determine whether the patient was acutely or chronically infected were retrospectively reviewed. PAMF-TSL results established that of the 451 patients, 335 (74%) had a chronic infection, 100 (22%) had an acute infection, and 7 (2%) were not infected, and for 9 (2%), results were indeterminate. Positive Toxoplasma IgM and IgG test results obtained at NRLs cannot accurately distinguish between acute and chronic infections. To do so, testing at reference laboratories is required, as mandated in 1997 in a letter from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to clinicians and laboratories in the United States.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.