ArticlePloS one2015
Correlation of Culture Positivity, PCR Positivity, and Burden of Borrelia burgdorferi Sensu Lato in Skin Samples of Erythema Migrans Patients with Clinical Findings.
Article in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Evaluation of immunoreactive epitopes in the sera and cerebrospinal fluid of patients with post-treatment Lyme disease syndrome.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The first molecular record ofPathogens and global health · 2024Article
- Prevalence of Lyme Disease and Relapsing FeverPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Microbiologic Findings in a Cohort of Patients with Erythema Migrans.Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Developing a Prospective Gestational Lyme Disease Study.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Determinants of persistent symptoms after treatment for Lyme borreliosis: a prospective observational cohort study.EBioMedicine · 2023Observational
- Lyme borreliosis diagnosis: state of the art of improvements and innovations.BMC microbiology · 2023Review
- Systemic immune responses in patients with early localized or early disseminated Borrelia afzelii lyme borreliosis.Immunity, inflammation and disease · 2021Article
- Laboratory Diagnosis of Lyme Borreliosis.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2021Review
- Lyme Disease in Humans.Current issues in molecular biology · 2021Article
- Broadly Protective Multivalent OspA Vaccine against Lyme Borreliosis, Developed Based on Surface Shaping of the C-Terminal Fragment.Infection and immunity · 2020Article
- Erythema Migrans: Course and Outcome in Patients Treated With Rituximab.Open forum infectious diseases · 2019Article
- Clinical Course, Serologic Response, and Long-Term Outcome in Elderly Patients with Early Lyme Borreliosis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2018Article
- Efficacy and Safety of Antibiotic Therapy in Early Cutaneous Lyme Borreliosis: A Network Meta-analysis.JAMA dermatology · 2018Review
- Sleeper cells: the stringent response and persistence in the Borreliella (Borrelia) burgdorferi enzootic cycle.Environmental microbiology · 2017Review
- Approaches for Reverse Line Blot-Based Detection of Microbial Pathogens in Ixodes ricinus Ticks Collected in Austria and Impact of the Chosen Method.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
- [Cutaneous manifestations of Lyme disease : Pitfalls in the serological diagnostic workup].Der Hautarzt; Zeitschrift fur Dermatologie, Venerologie, und verwandte Gebiete · 2017Article
- Neuroretinitis as presenting and the only presentation of Lyme disease: Diagnosis and management.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2017Article
- Comparison of MKP and BSK-H media for the cultivation and isolation of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato.PloS one · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLimited data are available regarding the relationship of Borrelia burden in skin of patients with erythema migrans (EM) and the disease course and post-treatment outcome.
methodsWe studied 121 adult patients with EM in whom skin biopsy specimens were cultured and analyzed by quantitative PCR for the presence of Borreliae. Evaluation of clinical and microbiological findings were conducted at the baseline visit, and 14 days, 2, 6, and 12 months after treatment with either amoxicillin or cefuroxime axetil.
resultsIn 94/121 (77.7%) patients Borrelia was detected in skin samples by PCR testing and 65/118 (55.1%) patients had positive skin culture result (96.8% B. afzelii, 3.2% B. garinii). Borrelia culture and PCR results correlated significantly with the presence of central clearing and EM size, while Borrelia burden correlated significantly with central clearing, EM size, and presence of newly developed or worsened symptoms since EM onset, with no other known medical explanation (new or increased symptoms, NOIS). In addition, the logistic regression model for repeated measurements adjusted for time from inclusion, indicated higher Borrelia burden was a risk factor for incomplete response (defined as NOIS and/or persistence of EM beyond 14 days and/or occurrence of new objective signs of Lyme borreliosis). The estimated association between PCR positivity and unfavorable outcome was large but not statistically significant, while no corresponding relationship was observed for culture positivity.
conclusionsHigher Borrelia burden in EM skin samples was associated with more frequent central clearing and larger EM lesions at presentation, and with a higher chance of incomplete response.
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