ArticleJournal of lipid research2015
Analysis of vitamin E metabolites including carboxychromanols and sulfated derivatives using LC/MS/MS.
Article in Journal of lipid research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Gamma tocopherol-enriched supplement reduces sputum eosinophilia and endotoxin-induced sputum neutrophilia in volunteers with asthma.The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology · 2018Trial
- Precision Dietary Intervention: Gut Microbiome and Meta-metabolome as Functional Readouts.Phenomics (Cham, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Combining vitamin E metabolite 13'-carboxychromanol and a lactic acid bacterium synergistically mitigates colitis and colitis-associated dysbiosis in mice.Free radical biology & medicine · 2025Article
- Vitamin E Induces Liver Iron Depletion and Alters Iron Regulation in Mice.The Journal of nutrition · 2023Article
- Novel Insights into the Role of the Antioxidants in Prostate Pathology.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Metabolism of natural forms of vitamin E and biological actions of vitamin E metabolites.Free radical biology & medicine · 2022Article
- Gamma-tocopherol, a major form of vitamin E in diets: Insights into antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, mechanisms, and roles in disease management.Free radical biology & medicine · 2022Article
- Simultaneous quantification of vitamin E and vitamin E metabolites in equine plasma and serum using LC-MS/MS.Journal of veterinary diagnostic investigation : official publication of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians, Inc · 2021Article
- Tocopherols and Tocotrienols Are Bioavailable in Rats and Primarily Excreted in Feces as the Intact Forms and 13'-Carboxychromanol Metabolites.The Journal of nutrition · 2020Article
- High throughput profiling of tocochromanols in leaves and seeds of Arabidopsis and Maize.Plant methods · 2020Article
- Endogenous metabolites of vitamin E limit inflammation by targeting 5-lipoxygenase.Nature communications · 2018Article
- Neuroprotective Natural Molecules, From Food to Brain.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2018Review
- Natural Forms of Vitamin E as Effective Agents for Cancer Prevention and Therapy.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2017Review
- Vitamin E metabolite 13'-carboxychromanols inhibit pro-inflammatory enzymes, induce apoptosis and autophagy in human cancer cells by modulating sphingolipids and suppress colon tumor development in mice.Free radical biology & medicine · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Tocopherols and tocotrienols are metabolized via hydroxylation and oxidation of their hydrophobic side chain to generate 13'-hydroxychromanols (13'-OHs) and various carboxychromanols, which can be further metabolized by conjugation including sulfation. Recent studies indicate that long-chain carboxychromanols, especially 13'-carboxychromanol (13'-COOH), appear to be more bioactive than tocopherols in anti-inflammatory and anticancer actions. To understand the potential contribution of metabolites to vitamin E-mediated effects, an accurate assay is needed to evaluate bioavailability of these metabolites. Here we describe an LC/MS/MS assay for quantifying vitamin E metabolites using negative polarity ESI. This assay includes a reliable sample extraction procedure with efficacy of ≥ 89% and interday/intraday variation of 3-11% for major metabolites. To ensure accurate quantification, short-chain, long-chain, and sulfated carboxychromanols are included as external/internal standards. Using this assay, we observed that sulfated carboxychromanols are the primary metabolites in the plasma of rodents fed with γ-tocopherol or δ-tocopherol. Although plasma levels of 13'-COOHs and 13'-OHs are low, high concentrations of these compounds are found in feces. Our study demonstrates an LC/MS/MS assay for quantitation of sulfated and unconjugated vitamin E metabolites, and this assay will be useful for evaluating the role of these metabolites in vivo.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.