Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26351285›Full record

ArticleInfection and immunity2015

Refined live attenuated Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and Enteritidis vaccines mediate homologous and heterologous serogroup protection in mice.

Sharon M Tennant, Patrick Schmidlein, Raphael Simon, Marcela F Pasetti, James E Galen, Myron M Levine

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Infection and immunity, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 12% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 15 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Deletion ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026
    Article
  2. Longitudinal study highlights patterns ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2025
    Article
  3. Genetic engineering ofEcoSal Plus · 2024
    Review
  4. Development of Live AttenuatedFrontiers in immunology · 2022
    Article
  5. Review
  6. Prevalence, Characterization, and Pathogenicity ofAnimals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2021
    Article
  7. Pathogenic signature of invasive non-typhoidalHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2020
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Animal Models for Salmonellosis: Applications in Vaccine Research.Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI · 2016
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Sharon M TennantCenter for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA stennant@medicine.umaryland.edu.
Patrick SchmidleinCenter for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Raphael SimonCenter for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Marcela F PasettiCenter for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
James E GalenCenter for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
Myron M LevineCenter for Vaccine Development, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA Department of Pediatrics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
University of Maryland, Baltimore · US

Funding

Vaccine strategy for broad spectrum protection agains non-typhoidal salmonellU54AI057168 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MARYLAND BALTIMORE · PI WHITE, JUDITH M. · 2003 to 2013
$91.5M
NIAID NIH HHS 2 U54 AI057168NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI057168
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Invasive nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) infections constitute a major health problem among infants and toddlers in sub-Saharan Africa; these infections also occur in infants and the elderly in developed countries. We genetically engineered a Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium strain of multilocus sequence type 313, the predominant genotype circulating in sub-Saharan Africa. We evaluated the capacities of S. Typhimurium and Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis ΔguaBA ΔclpX live oral vaccines to protect mice against a highly lethal challenge dose of the homologous serovar and determined protection against other group B and D serovars circulating in sub-Saharan Africa. The vaccines S. Typhimurium CVD 1931 and S. Enteritidis CVD 1944 were immunogenic and protected BALB/c mice against 10,000 50% lethal doses (LD50) of S. Typhimurium or S. Enteritidis, respectively. S. Typhimurium CVD 1931 protected mice against the group B serovar Salmonella enterica serovar Stanleyville (91% vaccine efficacy), and S. Enteritidis CVD 1944 protected mice against the group D serovar Salmonella enterica serovar Dublin (85% vaccine efficacy). High rates of survival were observed when mice were infected 12 weeks postimmunization, indicating that the vaccines elicited long-lived protective immunity. Whereas CVD 1931 did not protect against S. Enteritidis R11, CVD 1944 did mediate protection against S. Typhimurium D65 (81% efficacy). These findings suggest that a bivalent (S. Typhimurium and S. Enteritidis) vaccine would provide broad protection against the majority of invasive NTS infections in sub-Saharan Africa.

Indexed as

Administration, OralAfrica South of the SaharaAnimalsAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, BacterialCross ProtectionFemaleGenotypeHumansLethal Dose 50MiceMice, Inbred BALB CSalmonella enteritidisSalmonella Infections, AnimalSalmonella typhimuriumSalmonella VaccinesAntibodies, BacterialAntigens, BacterialSalmonella VaccinesVaccines, Attenuated

Identifiers

PMID26351285
PMCPMC4645371
OpenAlexW2211270709

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.