ArticleJournal of neurogastroenterology and motility2015
The Bitter Taste Receptor Agonist Quinine Reduces Calorie Intake and Increases the Postprandial Release of Cholecystokinin in Healthy Subjects.
Article in Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 74 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association between Bitter Taste Sensitivity and Weight Status in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrition reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of gastrointestinal delivery of non-caloric tastants on energy intake: a systematic review and meta-analysis.European journal of nutrition · 2021Pooled it
- Alteration Pattern of Taste Perception After Bariatric Surgery: a Systematic Review of Four Taste Domains.Obesity surgery · 2019Pooled it
- Randomized Controlled Trial: Effects of a Bitter-Tasting Pea Protein Hydrolysate Intervention With Low Degree of Hydrolyzation on Energy Intake in Moderately Overweight Male Subjects.Molecular nutrition & food research · 2025Trial
- Trial
- GengricinInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2024Trial
- Trial
- Quinine Effects on Gut and Pancreatic Hormones and Antropyloroduodenal Pressures in Humans-Role of Delivery Site and Sex.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Trial
- Trial
- Intraintestinal Delivery of Tastants Using a Naso-Duodenal-Ileal Catheter Does Not Influence Food Intake or Satiety.Nutrients · 2019Trial
- Emerging Role of Taste Receptors, Entero-Endocrine Cells in Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Hallmarks of Appetite: A Comprehensive Review of Hunger, Appetite, Satiation, and Satiety.Current obesity reports · 2025Review
- Bitter taste receptors as sensors of gut luminal contents.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2025Review
- Gastrointestinal delivery of bitter hop extract reduces appetite and food cravings in healthy adult women undergoing acute fasting.Obesity pillars · 2024Article
- Effects of Quinine on the Glycaemic Response to, and Gastric Emptying of, a Mixed-Nutrient Drink in Females and Males.Nutrients · 2023Article
- Sleeve Gastrectomy-Induced Body Mass Index Reduction Increases the Intensity of Taste Perception's and Reduces Bitter-Induced Pleasantness in Severe Obesity.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Treatment of Gastrointestinal Disorders-Plants and Potential Mechanisms of Action of Their Constituents.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- The Influence of Common Noncommunicable Diseases on Chemosensory Perception and Clinical Implications in Children and Adolescents.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2022Review
- An update on extra-oral bitter taste receptors.Journal of translational medicine · 2021Review
- Review on the Regional Effects of Gastrointestinal Luminal Stimulation on Appetite and Energy Intake: (Pre)clinical Observations.Nutrients · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
aimsBitter taste receptors are expressed throughout the digestive tract. Data on animals have suggested these receptors are involved in the gut hormone release, but no data are available in humans. Our aim is to assess whether bitter agonists influence food intake and gut hormone release in healthy subjects.
methodsTwenty healthy volunteers were enrolled in a double-blind cross-over study. On 2 different days, each subject randomly received an acid-resistant capsule containing either placebo or 18 mg of hydrochloride (HCl) quinine. After 60 minutes, all subjects were allowed to eat an ad libitum meal until satiated. Plasma samples were obtained during the experiment in order to evaluate cholecystokinin (CCK) and ghrelin levels. Each subject was screened to determine phenylthiocarbamide (PTC) tasting status.
resultsCalorie intake was significantly lower when subjects received HCl quinine than placebo (514 ± 248 vs 596 ± 286 kcal; P = 0.007). Significantly higher CCK ΔT90 vs T0 and ΔT90 vs T60 were found when subjects received HCl quinine than placebo (0.70 ± 0.69 vs 0.10 ± 0.86 ng/mL, P = 0.026; 0.92 ± 0.75 vs 0.50 ± 0.55 ng/mL, P = 0.033, respectively). PTC tasters ingested a significantly lower amount of calories when they received HCl quinine compared to placebo (526 ± 275 vs 659 ± 320 kcal; P = 0.005), whereas no significant differences were found for PTC non-tasters (499 ± 227 vs 519 ± 231 kcal; P = 0.525).
conclusionsThis study showed that intra-duodenal release of a bitter compound is able to significantly affect calorie intake and CCK release after a standardized meal. Our results suggest that bitter taste receptor signaling may have a crucial role in the control of food intake.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.