ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2016
Early Initiation Rather Than Prolonged Duration of Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV Infection Contributes to the Normalization of CD8 T-Cell Counts.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT02691065 (Effect of a Treatment Switch from Protease Inhibitor to Raltegravir-based ART on Myeloid Cell Inflammation in HIV-infected Patients.), which is not on this map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effect of a Treatment Switch from Protease Inhibitor to Raltegravir-based ART on Myeloid Cell Inflammation in HIV-infected Patients.
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 63 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Acute HIV-1 Infection: Paradigm and Singularity.Viruses · 2025Review
- Challenges in HIV Diagnosis Algorithm: Experience of the Confirmation Laboratory.Journal of tropical medicine · 2025Article
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- Expression ofMedicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Article
- The Frequency and Function of NKG2CViruses · 2023Article
- Comparison of Immunological and Virological Recovery with Rapid, Early, and Late Start of Antiretroviral Treatment in Naive Plwh: Real-World Data.International journal of general medicine · 2023Article
- HIV Late Presenters in Asia: Management and Public Health Challenges.AIDS research and treatment · 2023Review
- Antiretroviral Initiation at ≥800 CD4+ Cells/mm3 Associated With Lower Human Immunodeficiency Virus Reservoir Size.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022Article
- HIV but Not CMV Replication Alters the Blood Cytokine Network during Early HIV Infection in Men.Viruses · 2022Article
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- Predictive value of CD8+ T cell and CD4/CD8 ratio at two years of successful ART in the risk of AIDS and non-AIDS events.EBioMedicine · 2022Article
- Effect of Late Testing and Antiretroviral Treatment on Mortality Among People Living With HIV in the Era of Treat-All in Guangdong Province, China, 1992-2018: A Cohort Study.Frontiers in public health · 2022Article
- CD160 Promotes NK Cell Functions by Upregulating Glucose Metabolism and Negatively Correlates With HIV Disease Progression.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Influence of NKG2C Genotypes on HIV Susceptibility and Viral Load Set Point.Journal of virology · 2021Article
- Epigenetic Features of HIV-Induced T-Cell Exhaustion Persist Despite Early Antiretroviral Therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Observational
- Review
- Interferon lambda rs368234815 ΔG/ΔG is associated with higher CD4AIDS research and therapy · 2020Article
- Compromised CD4:CD8 ratio recovery in people living with HIV aged over 50 years: an observational study.HIV medicine · 2020Observational
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
38 authors at 6 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCD8 T-cell counts remain elevated in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection even after long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART), which is associated with an increased risk of non-AIDS-related events. We assessed the impact of ART initiation in early versus chronic HIV infection on trajectories of CD8 cell counts over time.
methodsOf 280 individuals enrolled during primary HIV infection (PHI), 251 were followed up for 24 months; 84 started ART before 6 months of infection (eART), 49 started between 6 and 24 months, and 118 remained untreated. Plasma HIV viral load (VL), CD4 and CD8 cell counts were assessed at each study visit. CD8 counts were also examined in 182 age-matched HIV-infected individuals who started ART during chronic infection and maintained undetectable plasma VL for ≥5 years.
resultsAt PHI baseline, higher CD8 cell counts were associated with more recent infection (P = .02), higher CD4 cell counts (P < .001), and higher VL (P < .001). The CD8 count in the eART group decreased from 797 to 588 cells/µL over 24 months (P < .001), to a level lower than that in untreated PHI (834 cells/µL; P = .004) or in long-term-treated patients with chronic HIV infection (743 cells/µL; P = .047). More prominent CD4 T-cell recovery was observed in the eART group than in the delayed ART group.
conclusionsART initiated in early HIV infection is associated with improved resolution of CD8 T-cell elevation compared with long-term ART initiated in chronic infection. Early ART may help reduce the risk of non-AIDS-related events by alleviating this elevation.
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Registered trials
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