Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26349483›Full record

ArticleJournal of immigrant and minority health2016

Differences in Cervical Cancer Screening Between African-American Versus African-Born Black Women in the United States.

Alison Forney-Gorman, Katy B Kozhimannil

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Journal of immigrant and minority health, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Empirically Tested Health Literacy Frameworks.Health literacy research and practice · 2020
    Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Personal Networks and Cervical Cancer Screening among Black Immigrant Women.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026
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  7. Review
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  16. Acculturation Strategies and Pap Screening Uptake among Sub-Saharan African Immigrants (SAIs).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021
    Article
  17. Exploring Health Literacy and the Correlates of Pap Testing Among African Immigrant Women: Findings from the AfroPap Study.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2021
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Alison Forney-GormanPeople's Clinic in Minneapolis, Minnesota, 3441 St. Paul Ave., Minneapolis, MN, 55416, USA. ajf631@mail.harvard.edu.
Katy B KozhimannilDivision of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota School of Public Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although the incidence of cervical cancer has been declining steadily since the Pap smear became standard of care in the U.S., many African immigrants are unfamiliar with this screening test and its potential benefits. Using data from the CDC's National Health Interview Surveys, we identified respondents who were black women living in the United States, distinguishing U.S.-born (n = 620) and African-born (n = 36). We constructed a measure of current Pap status and used multivariate logistic regression models to compare Pap status between the two groups. Controlling for income, age, education, health insurance, and marital status, African American women were over 3 times more likely to have reported a current Pap smear than African-born women [Adjusted OR = 3.37, 95 % CI = (1.89, 5.96)]. Being an African-born woman was the strongest predictor of current Pap status. Distinguishing immigrant status in an analysis of cervical cancer screening rates for black women indicated much lower Pap smear rates for African-born women, compared with African-American women. More research on the impact of education and culturally specific care is needed to address the disparity in Pap smear rates for African-born black women.

Indexed as

Health Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeAdultBlack or African AmericanEarly Detection of CancerEmigrants and ImmigrantsFemaleHumansMiddle AgedPapanicolaou TestSocioeconomic FactorsUnited StatesUterine Cervical NeoplasmsAfricanAfrican-AmericanCervical cancerDisparitiesImmigrantPap smear

Identifiers

PMID26349483

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.