ArticleClinical and experimental nephrology2016
Estimation of daily protein intake based on spot urine urea nitrogen concentration in chronic kidney disease patients.
Article in Clinical and experimental nephrology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Agreement Of A 24-hour food record and relative validity of a food frequency questionnaire compared with urinary biomarkers of sodium, potassium, and protein intake.Nutrition journal · 2026Observational
- GDF15 antagonism limits severe heart failure and prevents cardiac cachexia.Cardiovascular research · 2024Article
- Oral nutritional supplements in older outpatients with heart failure: rationale and design of the ALIMENT-HF trial.ESC heart failure · 2024Article
- Classifying Hypotonic Hyponatremia by Projected Treatment Effects - A Quantitative 3-Dimensional Framework.Kidney international reports · 2023Article
- Clinical implications of low estimated protein intake in patients with heart failure.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2022Article
- Application of a six sigma model to evaluate the analytical performance of urinary biochemical analytes and design a risk-based statistical quality control strategy for these assays: A multicenter study.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2021Article
- Could Evening Dietary Protein Intake Play a Role in Nocturnal Polyuria?Journal of clinical medicine · 2020Article
- Effects of dietary protein intake on renal outcome and mortality in patients with advanced diabetic nephropathy.Clinical and experimental nephrology · 2020Observational
- Iron deficiency in worsening heart failure is associated with reduced estimated protein intake, fluid retention, inflammation, and antiplatelet use.European heart journal · 2019Observational
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundDetermination of daily protein intake in the management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires precision. Inaccuracies in recording dietary intake occur, and estimation from total urea excretion presents hurdles owing to the difficulty of collecting whole urine for 24 h. Spot urine has been used for measuring daily sodium intake and urinary protein excretion.
methodsIn this cross-sectional study, we investigated whether urea nitrogen (UN) concentration in spot urine can be used to predict daily protein intake instead of the 24-h urine collection in 193 Japanese CKD patients (Stages G1-G5). After patient randomization into 2 datasets for the development and validation of models, bootstrapping was used to develop protein intake estimation models.
resultsThe parameters for the candidate multivariate regression models were male gender, age, body mass index (BMI), diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, proteinuria, estimated glomerular filtration rate, serum albumin level, spot urinary UN and creatinine level, and spot urinary UN/creatinine levels. The final model contained BMI and spot urinary UN level. The final model was selected because of the higher correlation between the predicted and measured protein intakes r = 0.558 (95 % confidence interval 0.400, 0.683), and the smaller distribution of the difference between the measured and predicted protein intakes than those of the other models.
conclusionThe results suggest that UN concentration in spot urine may be used to estimate daily protein intake and that a prediction formula would be useful for nutritional control in CKD patients.
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