Observational studyJournal of assisted reproduction and genetics2015
Developmentally delayed cleavage-stage embryos maintain comparable implantation rates in frozen embryo transfers.
Observational study in Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Should the flexibility enabled by performing a day-4 embryo transfer remain as a valid option in the IVF laboratory? A systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2019Pooled it
- Delayed Second Cell Cleavage in Human Early Embryo Is Associated With Adverse Developmental Competence and Pregnancy Outcomes, Even If the Third Cleavage Completes on Time.Maternal-fetal medicine (Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.) · 2026Article
- Clinical Outcome of Day-3 Cleavage Slow-Growing Embryos at Different Cleavage Rates after Overnight Culture: A Cohort Retrospective Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Associations between morphokinetic parameters of temporary-arrest embryos and the clinical prognosis in FET cycles.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2022Article
- Improving the clinical outcomes by extended culture of day 3 embryos with low blastomere number to blastocyst stage following frozen-thawed embryo transfer.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2021Article
- The effect of fresh IVF cycle characteristics on frozen embryo transfer (FET) outcomes.JBRA assisted reproduction · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeIn fresh IVF cycles, embryos reaching the eight-cell stage on day 3 of development are thought to have a higher chance of implantation than those reaching this stage on day 4. To determine whether this difference persists after cryopreservation, we compared pregnancy and implantation rates between frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles using delayed cleavage-stage embryos (cryopreserved day 4) and normal cleavage-stage embryos (cryopreserved day 3).
methodsParticipants underwent FET between 2008 and 2012 using embryos cryopreserved on either day 3 (n = 76) or day 4 (n = 48), depending on the length of time needed to achieve the eight-cell stage. All embryos, regardless of day of cryopreservation, were thawed and transferred on the 4th day of vaginal progesterone following endometrial preparation with oral estradiol. Chi-square and Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare patient demographics and cycle outcomes.
resultsMore women in the day 4 group had diminished ovarian reserve (44 vs 16 %, p = 0.003). Pregnancy outcomes in preceding fresh cycles were not different between the two groups. Pregnancy, implantation, and live birth rates following FET did not differ between the day 3 and day 4 groups.
conclusionsThis is the first study to address outcomes using day 3 versus day 4 cryopreserved embryos. Despite a higher prevalence of diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) in the day 4 group, delayed cleavage-stage embryos utilized in FET cycles performed as well as embryos growing at the normal rate, suggesting delayed embryo development does not affect embryo implantation as long as endometrial synchrony is maintained.
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