ArticleThe American journal of gastroenterology2015
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Are at Increased Risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease: A Nationwide Danish Cohort Study 1977-2013.
Article in The American journal of gastroenterology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 94 citations in OpenAlex.
- ACG Clinical Guideline: Preventive Care in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.The American journal of gastroenterology · 2017Guideline
- Clostridium difficile Infection in Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Treated with Tofacitinib in the Ulcerative Colitis Program.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2023Trial
- Tofacitinib for the Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis: Analysis of Infection Rates from the Ulcerative Colitis Clinical Programme.Journal of Crohn's & colitis · 2021Trial
- Influenza vaccine uptake among patients with inflammatory bowel disease: comparable outcomes between telemedicine and in-person care.Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2026Article
- Article
- Risk conditions for invasive pneumococcal disease in adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Comorbidities and systemic steroids drive pneumonia risk in inflammatory bowel disease: Propensity score-matched cohort study.World journal of gastrointestinal pharmacology and therapeutics · 2025Article
- Consensus Statements on Assessments and Vaccinations Prior to Commencement of Advanced Therapies for the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases.Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics · 2025Article
- Imaging findings of thoracic manifestations of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.Insights into imaging · 2024Review
- Inflammatory bowel diseases during the COVID-19 pandemic.Przeglad gastroenterologiczny · 2024Review
- Lung Involvement in Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Shared Pathways and Unwanted Connections.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Prevalence Rates of Pneumococcal Vaccination in IBD and 30-Day Clinical Outcomes in Patients With IBD and Pneumococcal Disease Stratified by Receipt of Pneumococcal Vaccination: A Multi-Network Study.Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2023Article
- The Risk of Serious Infections Before and After Anti-TNF Therapy in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Inflammatory bowel diseases · 2023Article
- Incidence rates for hospitalized infections, herpes zoster, and malignancies in patients with ulcerative colitis in Japan: an administrative health claims database analysis.Intestinal research · 2023Article
- A comprehensive overview of pneumococcal vaccination recommendations for adults in South Africa, 2022.Journal of thoracic disease · 2022Review
- Vaccination strategies for Korean patients with inflammatory bowel disease.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2022Review
- Ulcerative Colitis in Adulthood and in Older Patients: Same Disease, Same Outcome, Same Risks?Drugs & aging · 2022Review
- SARS-CoV-2 vaccination for adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease: expert consensus statement by KASID.Intestinal research · 2022Article
- On-site Availability Improves Vaccination Rates in Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Crohn's & colitis 360 · 2021Article
- Accuracy of Self-Reported Vaccination Status in a Cohort of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.Digestive diseases and sciences · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesInflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease (CD), and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic diseases characterized by an inappropriate immune response, which may also increase the risk of infections. We investigated the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) before and after diagnosis of IBD in a population-based cohort study.
methodsIn a cohort of 74,156 IBD patients and 1,482,363 non-IBD controls included and followed during 1977-2013, hazard rate ratios (HRs) for IPD in IBD patients vs. controls were calculated by Cox regression. Within the IBD group, we also calculated the risk according to ever use of specific IBD medications. Next, using conditional logistic regression, we evaluated the odds of IPD prior to IBD diagnosis.
resultsThe HRs for IPD within the first 6 months after IBD diagnosis were significantly and more than threefold increased and then decreased to a constant level, which for CD was significantly increased (approximately twofold, HR, 1.99; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.59-2.49) and for UC non-significantly just above 1. IBD medication use including tumor necrosis factor alpha antagonists had limited impact on the risk of IPD, although having ever used azathioprine increased the risk of IPD in patients with UC (HR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.00-5.67). Up to 4 years prior to IBD diagnosis, the odds ratio for IPD was significantly increased (UC HR, 1.51, 95% CI, 1.05-2.17; CD HR, 1.79, 95% CI, 1.05-3.03).
conclusionsThe risk of IPD is significantly increased both before and after diagnosis of IBD, with limited impact of IBD medications. This suggests that the risk of IPD in patients with IBD is related to the underlying altered immune response in these patients.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.