ReviewSpinal cord2016
Does early exercise attenuate muscle atrophy or bone loss after spinal cord injury?
Review in Spinal cord, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 50 citations in OpenAlex.
- Handcycling with concurrent lower body low-frequency electromyostimulation significantly increases acute oxygen uptake in elite wheelchair basketball players: an acute crossover trial.Journal of rehabilitation medicine · 2024Trial
- Effect of hybrid FES exercise on body composition during the sub-acute phase of spinal cord injury.PloS one · 2022Trial
- Effect of Adapted Ergometer Setup and Rowing Speed on Lower Extremity Loading in People with and Without Spinal Cord Injury.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effects of Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation for Quadriceps Muscle Thickness and Lower Extremity Motor Score in Individuals with Subacute Incomplete Cervical Spinal Cord Injury: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Physical therapy research · 2024Article
- The Orthotic Effects of Different Functional Electrical Stimulation Protocols on Walking Performance in Individuals with Incomplete Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Series.Topics in spinal cord injury rehabilitation · 2023Article
- Ultrasound Measurements of Rectus Femoris and Locomotor Outcomes in Patients with Spinal Cord Injury.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Activity-based therapy for individuals with spinal cord injury/disease: perspectives of acute care therapists.Spinal cord series and cases · 2022Article
- Quantitative ultrasound imaging of intrinsic hand muscles after traumatic cervical spinal cord injury.Spinal cord · 2022Article
- The Effects of Exercise and Activity-Based Physical Therapy on Bone after Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- The Physiology Associated With "Bed Rest" and Inactivity and How It May Relate to the Veterinary Patient With Spinal Cord Injury and Physical Rehabilitation.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2021Review
- Locomotor training with adjuvant testosterone preserves cancellous bone and promotes muscle plasticity in male rats after severe spinal cord injury.Journal of neuroscience research · 2020Article
- A Long-Term Pilot Study on Sex and Spinal Cord Injury Shows Sexual Dimorphism in Functional Recovery and Cardio-Metabolic Responses.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Lessons learned from the pilot study of an orthostatic hypotension intervention in the subacute phase following spinal cord injury.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2019Article
- Spasticity and preservation of skeletal muscle mass in people with spinal cord injury.Spinal cord · 2019Article
- Epidural stimulation with locomotor training improves body composition in individuals with cervical or upper thoracic motor complete spinal cord injury: A series of case studies.The journal of spinal cord medicine · 2019Article
- Activity-Based Physical Rehabilitation with Adjuvant Testosterone to Promote Neuromuscular Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury.International journal of molecular sciences · 2018Review
- Early electrical field stimulation prevents the loss of spinal cord anterior horn motoneurons and muscle atrophy following spinal cord injury.Neural regeneration research · 2018Article
- Bedside quantification of fat-free mass in acute spinal cord injury using bioelectrical impedance analysis: a psychometric study.Spinal cord · 2018Article
- Effective robotic assistive pattern of treadmill training for spinal cord injury in a rat model.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2018Article
- Anthropometric and biomechanical characteristics of body segments in persons with spinal cord injury.Journal of biomechanics · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectivesTo systematically identify and assess the evidence on the efficacy of exercise initiated early after traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI).
methodsA comprehensive search (Any-2014) of eleven databases identified studies evaluating exercise interventions initiated within 12 weeks after SCI on muscle and bone loss in paralyzed limbs and comparing with standard care or immobilization. Two reviewers assessed methodological quality. One reviewer extracted data and critiqued results according to the Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation Evidence body of evidence framework.
resultsA total of 2811 titles were screened. Eleven studies were included: five randomized controlled trials, four cohort studies and two within-subject control studies. All provided level II evidence with a moderate risk of bias. Two studies found significant positive effects of high-load FES-resisted stance on physiological measures of muscle. Three reported positive effects of 3 months of Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES) on muscle size. Two studies found positive effects of 6-month body-weight supported treadmill training or FES on trabecular bone using pQCT.
conclusionWe found consistent evidence of positive effects of early exercise on muscle, possibly related to load intensity of the protocol. However, the heterogeneity of interventions and outcomes makes this determination speculative. Evidence for the effectiveness of early exercise on bone is scant and confined to measures of trabecular bone mineral density via pQCT. Transparent reporting of methods and variability of data, combined with standardization of valid and sensitive measures of muscle atrophy and bone loss, could facilitate future meta-analysis on this topic.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.