ReviewVaccines2014
Overview of Serological Techniques for Influenza Vaccine Evaluation: Past, Present and Future.
Review in Vaccines, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 68 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
68 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.
- A study of booster dose influenza vaccination responses compared to standard dose in lupus patients: an open-labeled, randomized controlled study.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Trial
- Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of an inactivated quadrivalent influenza vaccine in children and adolescents 6 months through 17 years of age in India.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2022Trial
- Tandem high-dose influenza vaccination is associated with more durable serologic immunity in patients with plasma cell dyscrasias.Blood advances · 2021Trial
- Safety, immunogenicity, and lot-to-lot consistency of a split-virion quadrivalent influenza vaccine in younger and older adults: A phase III randomized, double-blind clinical trial.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2018Trial
- Single radial haemolysis compared to haemagglutinin inhibition and microneutralization as a correlate of protection against influenza A H3N2 in children and adolescents.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2017Trial
- A DirectView focus reduction assay for high-throughput quantification of neutralizing antibodies against influenza A and B viruses.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Molecular and antigenic characteristics of the influenza B virus in Guangzhou, 2022-2023.Virology journal · 2026Article
- Influenza Vaccination Responses in Disabled Stroke Patients: A Single-Center Prospective Observational Study.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2026Article
- Development and Qualification of a Pseudotyped Virus-Based Microneutralisation Assay for Influenza D Virus.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Influ-BERT: a domain-adaptive genomic language model for advancing influenza A virus research.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Comparative evaluation of 5 combination adjuvants on immunogenicity and efficacy of approved seasonal influenza vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Development of an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay based on the nucleocapsid protein of bovine parainfluenza virus type 3.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Exploring the Use of Viral Vectors Pseudotyped with Viral Glycoproteins as Tools to Study Antibody-Mediated Neutralizing Activity.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- A Bioluminescent Imaging Mouse Model for Seasonal Influenza Virus Infection Based on a Pseudovirus System.Viruses · 2025Article
- Article
- Article
- Enhanced and Prolonged Immunogenicity in Mice of Thermally Stabilized Fatty Acid-Conjugated Vaccine Antigen.Vaccines · 2025Article
- Observational
- Dose-sparing effects of novel adjuvants and aluminum hydroxide on two different vaccines in a neonatal mouse model.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
8 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Serological techniques commonly used to quantify influenza-specific antibodies include the Haemagglutination Inhibition (HI), Single Radial Haemolysis (SRH) and Virus Neutralization (VN) assays. HI and SRH are established and reproducible techniques, whereas VN is more demanding. Every new influenza vaccine needs to fulfil the strict criteria issued by the European Medicines Agency (EMA) in order to be licensed. These criteria currently apply exclusively to SRH and HI assays and refer to two different target groups-healthy adults and the elderly, but other vaccine recipient age groups have not been considered (i.e., children). The purpose of this timely review is to highlight the current scenario on correlates of protection concerning influenza vaccines and underline the need to revise the criteria and assays currently in use. In addition to SRH and HI assays, the technical advantages provided by other techniques such as the VN assay, pseudotype-based neutralization assay, neuraminidase and cell-mediated immunity assays need to be considered and regulated via EMA criteria, considering the many significant advantages that they could offer for the development of effective vaccines.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.