ArticleGastroenterology2015
RETRACTED: CSF1 Restores Innate Immunity After Liver Injury in Mice and Serum Levels Indicate Outcomes of Patients With Acute Liver Failure
Article in Gastroenterology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 98 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
98 citing papers in PubMed, 184 citations in OpenAlex.
- Administration of human macrophage colony-stimulating factor-mFc fusion protein increases macrophage phagocytic capacity and stimulates liver regeneration in mice.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2026Article
- Mesenchymal stem cells-derived TGF-β1 promotes polarization of M2 macrophages in mice with acute-on-chronic liver failure via FOSL1/MERTK axis.Stem cell research & therapy · 2026Article
- Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for Sepsis-Associated Liver Injury: Current Status and Future Perspectives.Gastroenterology research and practice · 2026Review
- Perisurgical colony stimulating factor one treatment ameliorates liver ischaemia/reperfusion injury in rats.World journal of gastroenterology · 2025Article
- Article
- Semaphorin 7a is protective through immune modulation during acetaminophen-induced liver injury.Journal of inflammation (London, England) · 2025Article
- Fibroblasts in heterotopic ossification: mechanisms and therapeutic targets.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Macrophages as Multifaceted Orchestrators of Tissue Repair: Bridging Inflammation, Regeneration, and Therapeutic Innovation.Journal of inflammation research · 2025Review
- Review
- A spatiotemporal atlas of cholestatic injury and repair in mice.Nature genetics · 2024Article
- Serum Levels of miR-122-5p and miR-125a-5p Predict Hepatotoxicity Occurrence in Patients Undergoing Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Ongoing production of tissue-resident macrophages from hematopoietic stem cells in healthy adult macaques.Blood advances · 2024Article
- Heterogeneity of hepatocyte dynamics restores liver architecture after chemical, physical or viral damage.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Aloperine Ameliorates Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Liver Injury through HMGB1/TLR4/NF-Mediators of inflammation · 2024Article
- Diverse potential of secretome from natural killer cells and monocyte-derived macrophages in activating stellate cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Hepatic Macrophages as Targets for the MSC-Based Cell Therapy in Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Article
- Early ART reduces viral seeding and innate immunity in liver and lungs of SIV-infected macaques.JCI insight · 2023Article
- Cell atlas of CClZoological research · 2023Article
- [The regulatory role and related mechanisms of macrophages in wound healing].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2023Article
38 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Comment on
- Retracted
Authors and funding
20 authors at 6 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/policies/article-withdrawal). This article has been retracted at the request of the authors over questions of data integrity and reproducibility. Following an investigation undertaken by the University of Liverpool into research misconduct by Dr Daniel Antoine (https://news.liverpool.ac.uk/2018/07/06/research-misconduct-update/), the remaining authors elected to reanalyze independent samples of the human serum from the patient cohorts originally studied. The human serum analysis had been undertaken by Daniel Antoine at the University of Liverpool for this manuscript (REF PMID: 26344055). The coauthors were unable to reproduce the findings of the human serum analysis (doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.02.437789) and therefore no longer have confidence in the human data component of this manuscript. The authors requested that this paper be retracted in 2019, and the Editors of Gastroenterology agree that this manuscript should be retracted. Dr Daniel Antoine played no part in any other aspects of this manuscript, and the authors have confidence in all other data.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.