ArticleInternational urogynecology journal2016
Characteristics associated with pelvic organ prolapse in women with significant levator ani muscle deficiency.
Article in International urogynecology journal, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the association of the dimensions of genital hiatus and levator hiatus with pelvic organ prolapse: a systematic review.International urogynecology journal · 2021Pooled it
- Diagnostic value of pelvic floor ultrasonography for diagnosis of pelvic organ prolapse: a systematic review.International urogynecology journal · 2020Pooled it
- Unveiling the depths of pelvic organ prolapse: From risk factors to therapeutic methods (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025Review
- M3VR-A multi-stage, multi-resolution, and multi-volumes-of-interest volume registration method applied to 3D endovaginal ultrasound.PloS one · 2019Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
introduction and hypothesisAge is a factor associated with symptomatic pelvic organ prolapse (POP) among women with significant levator ani deficiency.
methodsThis cross-sectional study included patients who were referred for varied pelvic floor disorders, had 3D endovaginal ultrasound as part of their evaluation, and were diagnosed with significant levator ani muscle deficiency defined as a score of 12 or more on 3D endovaginal ultrasound. Patients were categorized as having no pelvic organ prolapse (stages 0 and 1), or symptomatic prolapse (stages 2-4).
resultsSeventy-six women were available for analysis and found to have significant levator ani muscle deficiency, including 51 with symptomatic POP and 25 without POP. Patients with symptomatic POP were older, (mean age 66 (SD ± 11.8) vs 48 (SD ± 17.3) years; p <0.0001), had greater mean minimal levator hiatus (MLH) area (19.7 cm(2) (SD ± 4.6) vs 17.5 cm(2) (SD ± 3.5); p = 0.048), and were more likely to be menopausal (91.3 % vs 54.5 %; p <0.001) compared with those with no POP. In a modified Poisson regression analysis excluding nulliparous women, increasing age (RR = 2.39, 95 % CI 1.03-5.55) and smoking (RR = 1.34, 95 % CI 1.08-1.67) remained associated with symptomatic POP after controlling for one another and the MLH area.
conclusionsAmong women with significant levator ani deficiency, older women and smokers had an increased prevalence of symptomatic POP. On average, women without POP, but with significant levator ani deficiency were 18 years younger than women with POP and significant muscle deficiency.
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Registered trials
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