ArticleOncotarget2015
ELK1 is up-regulated by androgen in bladder cancer cells and promotes tumor progression.
Article in Oncotarget, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 88 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of androgen receptor expression in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Histology and histopathology · 2020Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Evaluation of molecular signatures in the urinary bladder and upper tract urothelial carcinomas: a prospective controlled clinical study.Journal of the Egyptian National Cancer Institute · 2022Trial
- Exploring the Impact of 5-Alpha Reductase Inhibitors on Bladder Cancer: Insights from a Large-Scale Prospective Cohort Study.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Mechanistic Insights and Clinical Implications of ELK1 in Solid Tumors: A Narrative Review.Cells · 2025Review
- Signaling pathway dysregulation in breast cancer.Oncotarget · 2025Review
- Recent advances in understanding the role of sex hormone receptors in urothelial cancer.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Elevated expression of ELK1 promotes breast cancer cell growth and correlates with poor prognosis of breast cancer patients.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- ELK1/MTOR/S6K1 Pathway Contributes to Acquired Resistance to Gefitinib in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Review
- Mineralocorticoid receptor signaling inhibits bladder cancer progression.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Expression of PVRL4, a molecular target for cancer treatment, is transcriptionally regulated by FOS.Oncology reports · 2024Article
- The androgen receptor in bladder cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2023Review
- NF-κB/p52 augments ETS1 binding genome-wide to promote glioma progression.Communications biology · 2023Article
- 5α-Reductase Inhibitors and Risk of Kidney and Bladder Cancers in Men with Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Cancer epidemiology, biomarkers & prevention : a publication of the American Association for Cancer Research, cosponsored by the American Society of Preventive Oncology · 2023Article
- Article
- Silencing circ_0074371 inhibits the progression of sepsis-induced acute kidney injury by regulating miR-330-5p/ELK1 axis.Mammalian genome : official journal of the International Mammalian Genome Society · 2022Article
- PAD4 and Its Inhibitors in Cancer Progression and Prognosis.Pharmaceutics · 2022Review
- ELK1 suppresses SYTL1 expression by recruiting HDAC2 in bladder cancer progression.Human cell · 2022Article
- HPV-18 E7 Interacts with Elk-1 Leading to Elevation of the Transcriptional Activity of Elk-1 in Cervical Cancer.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Little is known about biological significance of ELK1, a transcriptional factor that activates downstream targets including c-fos proto-oncogene, in bladder cancer. Recent preclinical evidence also suggests the involvement of androgen receptor (AR) signaling in bladder cancer progression. In this study, we aim to investigate the functions of ELK1 in bladder cancer growth and their regulation by AR signals. Immunohistochemistry in bladder tumor specimens showed that the levels of phospho-ELK1 (p-ELK1) expression were significantly elevated in urothelial neoplasms, compared with non-neoplastic urothelium tissues, and were also correlated with AR positivity. Patients with p-ELK1-positive non-muscle-invasive and muscle-invasive tumors had significantly higher risks for tumor recurrence and progression, respectively. In AR-positive bladder cancer cell lines, dihydrotestosterone treatment increased ELK1 expression (mRNA, protein) and its nuclear translocation, ELK1 transcriptional activity, and c-fos expression, which was restored by an anti-androgen hydroxyflutamide. ELK1 silencing via short hairpin RNA (shRNA) resulted in decreases in cell viability/colony formation, and cell migration/invasion as well as an increase in apoptosis. Importantly, ELK1 appears to require activated AR to regulate bladder cancer cell proliferation, but not cell migration. Androgen also failed to significantly induce AR transactivation in ELK1-knockdown cells. In accordance with our in vitro findings, ELK1-shRNA expression considerably retarded tumor formation as well as its growth in xenograft-bearing male mice. Our results suggest that ELK1 plays an important role in bladder tumorigenesis and cancer progression, which is further induced by AR activation. Accordingly, ELK1 inhibition, together with AR inactivation, has the potential of being a therapeutic approach for bladder cancer.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.