ReviewF1000Research2015
Understanding the direct and indirect costs of patients with schizophrenia.
Review in F1000Research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- A systematic review of the indirect costs of schizophrenia in Europe.European journal of public health · 2018Pooled it
- The Societal Cost of Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review.PharmacoEconomics · 2017Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of Virtual Reality Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Psychosis: Health-Economic Evaluation Within a Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of medical Internet research · 2020Trial
- Oral Health-Related Quality of Life and Depression in Patients with Schizophrenia: The Mediating Roles of Oral Health Literacy and Oral Health-Related Self-Efficacy in a Cross-Sectional Structural Equation Analysis.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2026Article
- Real-world conversations across the schizophrenia spectrum: Implementing passive audio sensing to examine linguistic style matching.Journal of psychopathology and clinical science · 2025Article
- Telmisartan mitigates behavioral and cytokine level alterations but impairs spatial working memory in a phencyclidine-induced mouse model of schizophrenia.Psychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Gender differences in clinical and biochemical parameters among patients hospitalized for schizophrenia: towards precision medicine.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2024Article
- Metabolic disturbances are risk factors for readmission to psychiatric hospitals in non-smokers but not in smokers: results from a Swiss psychiatric cohort and in first-episode psychosis patients.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2024Article
- Comprehensive rehabilitation and job reintegration of people with severe mental illness in a Latin American country: REINTEGRA study protocol.BMC psychiatry · 2023Article
- Disparities in the medical expenditures of patients with cancer and concomitant mental disorder: analyzing the effects of diagnosis sequence order.BMC health services research · 2023Article
- The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the trend of prescribing long-acting injections of paliperidone and risperidone in Central Serbia.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2023Article
- A health economics study of long-acting injectable once-monthly paliperidone palmitate in schizophrenia: a one-year mirror-image study in China.BMC psychiatry · 2022Article
- Assessing olfactory, memory, social and circadian phenotypes associated with schizophrenia in a genetic model based on Rim.Translational psychiatry · 2021Article
- Methods for Estimating Avoidable Costs of Excessive Alcohol Consumption.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Tobacco smoking, related harm and motivation to quit smoking in people with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.Health psychology research · 2020Article
- Current stepwise recommendations for hypogonadism screening in erectile dysfunction are not cost-effective.International journal of impotence research · 2020Article
- Real-World Analysis of Switching Patients with Schizophrenia from Oral Risperidone or Oral Paliperidone to Once-Monthly Paliperidone Palmitate.Drugs - real world outcomes · 2020Article
- Injuries and their related household costs in a tertiary hospital in Ghana.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2020Article
- Hospitalization rates and resource utilization of schizophrenic patients switched from oral antipsychotics to aripiprazole-depot in Germany.Health economics review · 2018Article
- Palliative care for people with schizophrenia: a qualitative study of an under-serviced group in need.BMC palliative care · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background : Schizophrenia is a disabling mental disorder with high prevalence and that usually requires long-term follow-up and expensive lifelong treatment. The cost of schizophrenia treatment consumes a significant amount of the health services' budget in western countries. Objective : The aim of the study was to find out about the costs related to schizophrenia across different european countries and compare them. Results : Schizophrenia treatment costs an estimated 18 billion euros annually worldwide. The direct costs associated with medical help are only part of the total expenditure. The indirect costs are an equally (or even more)important part of the total cost. These expenses are related to the lack of productivity of schizophrenic patients and the cost that relatives have to bear as a result of taking care of their affected relatives. Conclusions : Although data on the cost of schizophrenia may vary slightly between different european countries, the general conclusion that can be drawn is that schizophrenia is a very costly disorder. Not only because of direct costs related to medical procedures, but also due to the non-medical (indirect) costs. Together this suggests the need to investigate cost-efficient strategies that could provide a better outcome for schizophrenic patients, as well as the people who care for them.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.