ReviewBiology of sex differences2015
Sex differences in metabolic homeostasis, diabetes, and obesity.
Review in Biology of sex differences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 365 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
365 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Effects of Dietary Fruit and Vegetable Consumption on Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- The role of probiotics and dietary interventions in the treatment of periodontitis: a pilot randomized controlled clinical trial.BMC oral health · 2025Trial
- Differential Effects of Aerobic, Resistance, and Combined Trainings on First- and Second-Phase Insulin Secretion and Glucose Effectiveness in Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of diabetes research · 2025Trial
- Sugary snack restriction enhances body composition improvement in overweight women engaging in non-face-to-face walking during COVID-19.Frontiers in public health · 2024Trial
- Sex differences in the gut microbiome and related metabolites: role in cardiometabolic disease.Gut microbes · 2026Review
- Tertiary lymphoid structures in gastrointestinal cancer: orchestrating tumour microenvironmental immune subcycles to elegantly amplify the cancer immunity cycle.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Systematic Comparison of High-Fat Diet- and Streptozotocin-Induced Prediabetic Obese C57BL/6J Mouse Models: A Sex-Based Protocol Optimization Study.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2026Article
- Chronic exposure to artificial light at night dampens rhythms in locomotor activity, metabolism, and sleep in female mice.Physiology & behavior · 2026Article
- Sex-specific metabolic regulation by the Drosophila RNA-binding protein Nab2.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Sex-Dependent Lipidomic Remodeling in Plasma and Feces Following High-Fat Diet Intake in Adult Rats.Nutrients · 2026Article
- Rice-Flour-Based Diet Is Associated with Reduced Obesity-Related and Glucose-Related Outcomes and IncreasedFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Article
- Phenotypes of atopic dermatitis and long-term body mass index trajectories.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Peripubertal pregnancies and associations with health and developmental outcomes in offspring during late adolescence and adulthood: sibling-comparison register study.International journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- Metabolic Changes of Perimenopause and Nutritional Advice.Current nutrition reports · 2026Review
- Decoding Immunometabolic Dynamics of Adipose Tissue in Obesity: Evolving Evidence and Way Forward.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2026Review
- Integrating Precision Nutrition with GLP-1 Receptor Agonist Therapy: Mechanisms, Clinical Outcomes, and Pharmacoeconomic Implications.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Gut-Brain Axis in Metabolic Syndrome: Emerging Mechanisms and Perspectives in Personalized Medicine.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Molecular basis of insulin resistance and its impact on the brain: the role of physical exercise.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Paternal folate deficiency induces hepatic insulin resistance in offspring mice.Nutrition & diabetes · 2026Article
305 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
There are fundamental aspects of the control of metabolic homeostasis that are regulated differently in males and females. This sex asymmetry represents an evolutionary paradigm for females to resist the loss of energy stores. This perspective discusses the most fundamental sex differences in metabolic homeostasis, diabetes, and obesity. Together, the role of genetic sex, the programming effect of testosterone in the prenatal period in males, and the activational role of sex hormones at puberty produce two different biological systems in males and females that need to be studied separately. These sex-specific differences in energy homeostasis and metabolic dysfunction represent an untested source of factors that can be harnessed to develop relevant sex-based therapeutic avenues for diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and obesity.
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.