Trial reportJournal of translational medicine2015
Immunomodulatory activity of pidotimod administered with standard antibiotic therapy in children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia.
Trial report in Journal of translational medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 42 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nonspecific immunomodulators for recurrent respiratory tract infections, wheezing and asthma in children: a systematic review of mechanistic and clinical evidence.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2018Pooled it
- Efficacy of Pidotimod use in treating allergic rhinitis in a pediatric population.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2020Trial
- From Legacy to Innovation: Pidotimod's Expanding Therapeutic Horizon.Mediterranean journal of hematology and infectious diseases · 2025Review
- Mpox (formerly monkeypox): pathogenesis, prevention, and treatment.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023Review
- New Therapeutic Options in Mild Moderate COVID-19 Outpatients.Microorganisms · 2022Article
- Photodynamic Therapy for Treatment of Disease in Children-A Review of the Literature.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Immunostimulation in Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Prevention of recurrent respiratory infections : Inter-society Consensus.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2021Article
- Effects of adjuvant pidotimod therapy on levels of inflammatory factors and expressions of serum GM-CSF and KL-6 in elderly patients with mycoplasma pneumonia.American journal of translational research · 2021Article
- Prevention of New Respiratory Episodes in Children with Recurrent Respiratory Infections: An Expert Consensus Statement.Microorganisms · 2020Review
- Immunostimulants in respiratory diseases: focus on Pidotimod.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2019Review
- The Immune-Modulator Pidotimod Affects the Metabolic Profile of Exhaled Breath Condensate in Bronchiectatic Patients: A Metabolomics Pilot Study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2019Article
- Antibiotic therapy, supportive treatment and management of immunomodulation-inflammation response in community acquired pneumonia: review of recommendations.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2017Review
- Pidotimod: In-depth review of current evidence.Lung India : official organ of Indian Chest SocietyReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSeveral attempts to improve immune function in young children have been made and encouraging results have been collected with pidotimod (PDT), a synthetic dipeptide molecule that seems to have immunomodulatory activity on both innate and adaptive responses. Until now, the effects of PDT on the immune system have only been studied in vivo after long-term administration to evaluate whether its immunomodulatory activity might prevent the development of infections. This study was planned to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of PDT administered together with standard antibiotic therapy in children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
methodsA total of 20 children hospitalized for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) were randomized at a 1:1 ratio to receive either standard antibiotics plus pidotimod (PDT) or standard antibiotics alone to evaluate the immunomodulatory activity of PDT. Blood samples for the evaluation of immunological parameters were drawn at the time of recruitment (T0) (i.e., before therapy administration), at T3 and T5 (i.e., 3 and 5 days after the initiation of therapy) as well as at T21 (i.e., 7 days after the therapy ended).
resultsFollowing pneumococcal polysaccharide stimulation, the percentage of dendritic cells (DCs) expressing activation and costimulatory molecules was significantly higher in children receiving PDT plus antibiotics than in the controls. A significant increase in tumor necrosis factor-α and/or interleukin-12 secretion and expression of toll like receptor 2 was observed in PDT-treated children compared with controls; this was followed by an increased release of proinflammatory cytokines by monocytes. In the PDT-treated group, mRNA expression of antimicrobial peptides and genes involved in the inflammatory response were also augmented in comparison with the controls.
conclusionsThese results demonstrate, for the first time, that PDT administered together with standard antibiotics is associated with a favorable persistent immunomodulatory effect in children with CAP.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.