ArticleBoneKEy reports2015
Preclinical models for in vitro mechanical loading of bone-derived cells.
Article in BoneKEy reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed.
- Mechanical‑immune feedback regulation in distraction osteogenesis: From mechanotransduction to immune microenvironment remodeling (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Intravital Depletion of Cholesterol Reduces Membrane Dynamics and Increases Mechanosensitivity in Osteocytes In Vivo.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Bone mechano-response is driven by locomotion transitions during vertebrate evolution.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Extended view on the mechanobiology of fracture healing: interplay between mechanics and inflammation.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2025Review
- Article
- Reappraisal of clinical trauma trials: the critical impact of anthropometric parameters on fracture gap micro-mechanics-observations from a simulation-based study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Wnt signaling: a double-edged sword in protecting bone from cancer.Journal of bone and mineral metabolism · 2023Review
- Extracellular ATP and its derivatives provide spatiotemporal guidance for bone adaptation to wide spectrum of physical forces.Bone reports · 2022Review
- Instantaneous 4D micro-particle image velocimetry (µPIV) via multifocal microscopy (MUM).Scientific reports · 2022Article
- T-cell factor 7L2 is a novel regulator of osteoblast functions that acts in part by modulation of hypoxia signaling.American journal of physiology. Endocrinology and metabolism · 2022Article
- A Roadmap of In Vitro Models in Osteoarthritis: A Focus on Their Biological Relevance in Regenerative Medicine.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Review
- Bone-on-a-chip: microfluidic technologies and microphysiologic models of bone tissue.Advanced functional materials · 2021Article
- A simple in vitro biomimetic perfusion system for mechanotransduction study.Science and technology of advanced materials · 2020Article
- Gene Expression Profile and Acute Gene Expression Response to Sclerostin Inhibition in Osteogenesis Imperfecta Bone.JBMR plus · 2020Article
- Changes in scaffold porosity during bone tissue engineering in perfusion bioreactors considerably affect cellular mechanical stimulation for mineralization.Bone reports · 2020Article
- Design and Evaluation of an Osteogenesis-on-a-Chip Microfluidic Device Incorporating 3D Cell Culture.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2020Article
- Mechanotransduction in tumor progression: The dark side of the force.The Journal of cell biology · 2018Review
- Mechanically-Loaded Breast Cancer Cells Modify Osteocyte Mechanosensitivity by Secreting Factors That Increase Osteocyte Dendrite Formation and Downstream Resorption.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2018Article
- Novel multi-functional fluid flow device for studying cellular mechanotransduction.Journal of biomechanics · 2016Article
- Design, fabrication and characterization of a pure uniaxial microloading system for biologic testing.Medical engineering & physics · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is well established that bone responds to mechanical stimuli whereby physical forces are translated into chemical signals between cells, via mechanotransduction. It is difficult however to study the precise cellular and molecular responses using in vivo systems. In vitro loading models, which aim to replicate forces found within the bone microenvironment, make the underlying processes of mechanotransduction accessible to the researcher. Direct measurements in vivo and predictive modeling have been used to define these forces in normal physiological and pathological states. The types of mechanical stimuli present in the bone include vibration, fluid shear, substrate deformation and compressive loading, which can all be applied in vitro to monolayer and three-dimensional (3D) cultures. In monolayer, vibration can be readily applied to cultures via a low-magnitude, high-frequency loading rig. Fluid shear can be applied to cultures in multiwell plates via a simple rocking platform to engender gravitational fluid movement or via a pump to cells attached to a slide within a parallel-plate flow chamber, which may be micropatterned for use with osteocytes. Substrate strain can be applied via the vacuum-driven FlexCell system or via a four-point loading jig. 3D cultures better replicate the bone microenvironment and can also be subjected to the same forms of mechanical stimuli as monolayer, including vibration, fluid shear via perfusion flow, strain or compression. 3D cocultures that more closely replicate the bone microenvironment can be used to study the collective response of several cell types to loading. This technical review summarizes the methods for applying mechanical stimuli to bone cells in vitro.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.