ArticleInvestigative ophthalmology & visual science2015
Assessment of Different Sampling Methods for Measuring and Representing Macular Cone Density Using Flood-Illuminated Adaptive Optics.
Article in Investigative ophthalmology & visual science, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cellular-Level Characterization of Cone Photoreceptors and Retinal Pigment Epithelium in Stargardt Disease with Adaptive Optics Imaging.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Two-year prospective natural history study of EYS-associated retinitis pigmentosa using adaptive optics: the KEYS study.Scientific reports · 2026Observational
- From Cellular to Metabolic: Advances in Imaging of Inherited Retinal Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- The effect of sampling window size on topographical maps of foveal cone density.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2024Article
- Reduced Cone Density Is Associated with Multiple Sclerosis.Ophthalmology science · 2023Article
- Change in Cone Structure Over 24 Months in USH2A-Related Retinal Degeneration.American journal of ophthalmology · 2023Article
- Pearls and Pitfalls of Adaptive Optics Ophthalmoscopy in Inherited Retinal Diseases.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Comprehensive automatic processing and analysis of adaptive optics flood illumination retinal images on healthy subjects.Biomedical optics express · 2023Article
- Intergrader agreement of foveal cone topography measured using adaptive optics scanning light ophthalmoscopy.Biomedical optics express · 2022Article
- Comparison of Cone Mosaic Metrics From Images Acquired With the SPECTRALIS High Magnification Module and Adaptive Optics Scanning Light Ophthalmoscopy.Translational vision science & technology · 2022Article
- Impact of Reference Center Choice on Adaptive Optics Imaging Cone Mosaic Analysis.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2022Article
- Short-Term Parafoveal Cone Loss Despite Preserved Ellipsoid Zone in Rod Cone Dystrophy.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Observational
- Evaluation of focus and deep learning methods for automated image grading and factors influencing image quality in adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Retinal Differential Light Sensitivity Variation Across the Macula in Healthy Subjects: Importance of Cone Separation and Loci Eccentricity.Translational vision science & technology · 2021Article
- Adaptive optics ophthalmoscopy, multifocal ERG and OCTA in unique case of suspected torpedo maculopathy presenting with vitelliform lesion.American journal of ophthalmology case reports · 2021Article
- Cellular imaging of inherited retinal diseases using adaptive optics.Eye (London, England) · 2019Review
- Repeatability of Adaptive Optics Automated Cone Measurements in Subjects With Retinitis Pigmentosa and Novel Metrics for Assessment of Image Quality.Translational vision science & technology · 2019Article
- Perifoveal interdigitation zone loss in hydroxychloroquine toxicity leads to subclinical bull's eye lesion appearance on near-infrared reflectance imaging.Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology · 2018Article
- Distribution of cone density, spacing and arrangement in adult healthy retinas with adaptive optics flood illumination.PloS one · 2018Article
- Agreement in Cone Density Derived from Gaze-Directed Single Images Versus Wide-Field Montage Using Adaptive Optics Flood Illumination Ophthalmoscopy.Translational vision science & technology · 2017Article
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Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeTo describe a standardized flood-illuminated adaptive optics (AO) imaging protocol suitable for the clinical setting and to assess sampling methods for measuring cone density.
methodsCone density was calculated following three measurement protocols: 50 × 50-μm sampling window values every 0.5° along the horizontal and vertical meridians (fixed-interval method), the mean density of expanding 0.5°-wide arcuate areas in the nasal, temporal, superior, and inferior quadrants (arcuate mean method), and the peak cone density of a 50 × 50-μm sampling window within expanding arcuate areas near the meridian (peak density method). Repeated imaging was performed in nine subjects to determine intersession repeatability of cone density.
resultsCone density montages could be created for 67 of the 74 subjects. Image quality was determined to be adequate for automated cone counting for 35 (52%) of the 67 subjects. We found that cone density varied with different sampling methods and regions tested. In the nasal and temporal quadrants, peak density most closely resembled histological data, whereas the arcuate mean and fixed-interval methods tended to underestimate the density compared with histological data. However, in the inferior and superior quadrants, arcuate mean and fixed-interval methods most closely matched histological data, whereas the peak density method overestimated cone density compared with histological data. Intersession repeatability testing showed that repeatability was greatest when sampling by arcuate mean and lowest when sampling by fixed interval.
conclusionsWe show that different methods of sampling can significantly affect cone density measurements. Therefore, care must be taken when interpreting cone density results, even in a normal population.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.