ReviewILAR journal2015
The Altered Schaedler Flora: Continued Applications of a Defined Murine Microbial Community.
Open access · bronzeAbstract readReview
In one paragraph
Review in ILAR journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 130 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
130citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.3field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
130 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 224 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring the research progression and evolutionary trends of gut microbiome and hypertension: a bibliometric analysis.Frontiers in microbiology · 2025Pooled it
- Bacterial constipation: Mucin-degrading intestinal commensal bacteria cause constipation.Gut microbes · 2026Article
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- Dietary sulfur amino acids enhance anti-tumor immunity in colon cancer via an NKT cell-XCL1-cDC1 circuit.Immunity · 2026Article
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- Wheat fiber-induced peripheral regulatory T-cells suppress development of colitis.Mucosal immunology · 2026Article
- Wheat fiber mitigates colitis via non-SCFA microbial metabolite-trained intestinal macrophages.Science advances · 2026Article
- Discovery and genomics of HISME communications · 2026Article
- A defined microbiota mouse model forFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Targeted protein evolution in the gut microbiome by diversity-generating retroelements.Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Article
- Conjugation-based genetic manipulation ofmBio · 2025Article
- Codevelopment of gut microbial metabolism and visual neural circuitry over human infancy.mBio · 2025Article
- Rodent Pathogen Detection via Testing of Soiled Nesting Material.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2025Article
- Non-Invasive Analyses of Altered Schaedler Flora in C57Bl/6J and Balb/c Mice to Monitor Hygiene Status of a Housing Facility.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Neonatal exposure to morphine results in prolonged pain hypersensitivity during adolescence, driven by gut microbial dysbiosis and gut-brain axis-mediated inflammation.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2025Article
- Bridging the bench-to-bedside divide in microbiome research.Clinical and translational medicine · 2025Article
- Intestinal Microbiota Contributes to the Development of Cardiovascular Inflammation and Vasculitis in Mice.Circulation research · 2025Article
- Metabolic modeling of host-microbe interactions.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Review
- Microbial oncogenesis within the gastric niche: how the gastric microbiota influencesFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Review
70 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Meghan Wymore BrandMeghan Wymore Brand, DVM, is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Michael J. Wannemuehler, MS, PhD, is Professor and Chair in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Gregory J. Phillips, MA, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Alexandra Proctor is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Anne-Marie Overstreet, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend in South Bend, Indiana. Albert E. Jergens, DVM, MS, PhD, is Professor and Associate Chair for Research and Graduate Studies in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Roger P. Orcutt, PhD, is a consultant at Biomedical Research Associates in Dunkirk, New York. James G. Fox, MS, DVM, is Director of the Division of Comparative Medicine and Professor in the Department of Biological Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Michael J WannemuehlerMeghan Wymore Brand, DVM, is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Michael J. Wannemuehler, MS, PhD, is Professor and Chair in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Gregory J. Phillips, MA, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Alexandra Proctor is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Anne-Marie Overstreet, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend in South Bend, Indiana. Albert E. Jergens, DVM, MS, PhD, is Professor and Associate Chair for Research and Graduate Studies in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Roger P. Orcutt, PhD, is a consultant at Biomedical Research Associates in Dunkirk, New York. James G. Fox, MS, DVM, is Director of the Division of Comparative Medicine and Professor in the Department of Biological Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Gregory J PhillipsMeghan Wymore Brand, DVM, is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Michael J. Wannemuehler, MS, PhD, is Professor and Chair in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Gregory J. Phillips, MA, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Alexandra Proctor is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Anne-Marie Overstreet, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend in South Bend, Indiana. Albert E. Jergens, DVM, MS, PhD, is Professor and Associate Chair for Research and Graduate Studies in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Roger P. Orcutt, PhD, is a consultant at Biomedical Research Associates in Dunkirk, New York. James G. Fox, MS, DVM, is Director of the Division of Comparative Medicine and Professor in the Department of Biological Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Alexandra ProctorMeghan Wymore Brand, DVM, is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Michael J. Wannemuehler, MS, PhD, is Professor and Chair in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Gregory J. Phillips, MA, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Alexandra Proctor is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Anne-Marie Overstreet, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend in South Bend, Indiana. Albert E. Jergens, DVM, MS, PhD, is Professor and Associate Chair for Research and Graduate Studies in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Roger P. Orcutt, PhD, is a consultant at Biomedical Research Associates in Dunkirk, New York. James G. Fox, MS, DVM, is Director of the Division of Comparative Medicine and Professor in the Department of Biological Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Anne-Marie OverstreetMeghan Wymore Brand, DVM, is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Michael J. Wannemuehler, MS, PhD, is Professor and Chair in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Gregory J. Phillips, MA, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Alexandra Proctor is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Anne-Marie Overstreet, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend in South Bend, Indiana. Albert E. Jergens, DVM, MS, PhD, is Professor and Associate Chair for Research and Graduate Studies in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Roger P. Orcutt, PhD, is a consultant at Biomedical Research Associates in Dunkirk, New York. James G. Fox, MS, DVM, is Director of the Division of Comparative Medicine and Professor in the Department of Biological Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Albert E JergensMeghan Wymore Brand, DVM, is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Michael J. Wannemuehler, MS, PhD, is Professor and Chair in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Gregory J. Phillips, MA, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Alexandra Proctor is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Anne-Marie Overstreet, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend in South Bend, Indiana. Albert E. Jergens, DVM, MS, PhD, is Professor and Associate Chair for Research and Graduate Studies in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Roger P. Orcutt, PhD, is a consultant at Biomedical Research Associates in Dunkirk, New York. James G. Fox, MS, DVM, is Director of the Division of Comparative Medicine and Professor in the Department of Biological Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Roger P OrcuttMeghan Wymore Brand, DVM, is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Michael J. Wannemuehler, MS, PhD, is Professor and Chair in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Gregory J. Phillips, MA, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Alexandra Proctor is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Anne-Marie Overstreet, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend in South Bend, Indiana. Albert E. Jergens, DVM, MS, PhD, is Professor and Associate Chair for Research and Graduate Studies in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Roger P. Orcutt, PhD, is a consultant at Biomedical Research Associates in Dunkirk, New York. James G. Fox, MS, DVM, is Director of the Division of Comparative Medicine and Professor in the Department of Biological Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
James G FoxMeghan Wymore Brand, DVM, is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Michael J. Wannemuehler, MS, PhD, is Professor and Chair in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Gregory J. Phillips, MA, PhD, is a professor in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Alexandra Proctor is a graduate student in the Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Preventive Medicine at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Anne-Marie Overstreet, PhD, is a postdoctoral fellow in the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Indiana University School of Medicine-South Bend in South Bend, Indiana. Albert E. Jergens, DVM, MS, PhD, is Professor and Associate Chair for Research and Graduate Studies in the Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa. Roger P. Orcutt, PhD, is a consultant at Biomedical Research Associates in Dunkirk, New York. James G. Fox, MS, DVM, is Director of the Division of Comparative Medicine and Professor in the Department of Biological Engineering at Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
Iowa State University · US
Funding
TOXICOLOGY CORE UNITP30ES002109 · NIEHS · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI YAFFE, MICHAEL B · 1985 to 2020
$25.6MProject 3 - Molecular Signatures of Gastric Carcinogenesis in the Host Response to H. pyloriP01CA028842 · NCI · VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER · PI WILSON, KEITH T. · 1985 to 2019
$15.8MTraining Program in Cancer TherapeuticsT32CA117846 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI PRICE, CAROLYN M, TAKIAR, VINITA · 2006 to 2022
$6.5MRole of Inflamation in Mouse Models of Gastric CancerR01CA093405 · NCI · COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES · PI WANG, TIMOTHY CRAGIN · 2001 to 2016
$3.8MDiagnosis and Pathobiology of Emerging Enterohepatic Helicobacter spp. in MiceR01OD011141 · OD · MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI FOX, JAMES G · 2012 to 2014
$1.2MHighly simplified model of a mammalian intestinal communityR01GM099537 · NIGMS · IOWA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI PHILLIPS, JAMES GREGORY · 2013 to 2016
$1.0MNCI NIH HHS P01 CA028842NCI NIH HHS P01CA028842NCI NIH HHS R01 CA093405NCI NIH HHS R01CA093405NCI NIH HHS T32 CA117846NIEHS NIH HHS P30 ES002109NIEHS NIH HHS P30ES002109NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM099537NIGMS NIH HHS R01GM099537NIH HHS R01 OD011141NIH HHS R01OD011141
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota forms a mutualistic relationship with the host through complex and dynamic interactions. Because of the complexity and interindividual variation of the GI microbiota, investigating how members of the microbiota interact with each other, as well as with the host, is daunting. The altered Schaedler flora (ASF) is a model community of eight microorganisms that was developed by R.P. Orcutt and has been in use since the late 1970s. The eight microorganisms composing the ASF were all derived from mice, can be cultured in vitro, and are stably passed through multiple generations (at least 15 years or more by the authors) in gnotobiotic mice continually bred in isolator facilities. With the limitations associated with conventional, mono- or biassociated, and germfree mice, use of mice colonized with a consortium of known bacteria that naturally inhabit the murine gut offers a powerful system to investigate mechanisms governing host-microbiota relationships, and how members of the GI microbiota interact with one another. The ASF community offers significant advantages to study homeostatic as well as disease-related interactions by taking advantage of a well-defined, limited community of microorganisms. For example, quantification and spatial distribution of individual members, microbial genetic manipulation, genomic-scale analysis, and identification of microorganism-specific host immune responses are all achievable using the ASF model. This review compiles highlights associated with the 37-year history of the ASF, including descriptions of its continued use in biomedical research to elucidate the complexities of host-microbiome interactions in health and disease.
Indexed as
AnimalsBacteriaGastrointestinal MicrobiomeGerm-Free LifeHumansMiceASFgnotobioticmicrobiota
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