ArticleAddiction & health
Effects of Different Concentrations of Opium on the Secretion of Interleukin-6, Interferon-γ and Transforming Growth Factor Beta Cytokines from Jurkat Cells.
Article in Addiction & health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 11 citations in OpenAlex.
- Potential Effects of Opium on Pro-inflammatory Cytokines in Coronary Artery Disease by Interfering with Anti-inflammatory Drugs.Current molecular medicine · 2026Article
- Effects of opium on hippocampal-dependent memory, antioxidant enzyme levels, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological changes of rat hippocampus.Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025Article
- Microglia in neuroimmunopharmacology and drug addiction.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Review
- Long-Term Effects of Opium Consumption Following Percutaneous Coronary Intervention: A 10-year Follow-Up Study.Global heart · 2024Article
- Opium consumption and long-term outcomes of CABG surgery in patients without modifiable risk factors.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
- Association of miR-155, miR-187 and Inflammatory Cytokines IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α in Chronic Opium Abusers.Inflammation · 2022Article
- Opium and cardiovascular health: A devil or an angel?Indian heart journalReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe risk of infectious, autoimmune and immunodeficiency diseases and cancers rise in opioid addicts due to changes in innate and acquired immune responses. Three types of opioid receptors (К-δ-μ) are expressed on the surface of lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes. The present study was designed to examine the effects of different concentrations of opium on the secretion of some cytokines produced by lymphocyte cells.
methodsJurkat cells were exposed to different concentrations of opium for periods of 6, 24 and 72 h in cell culture medium. The amount of interleukin-6 (IL-6), interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and transforming growth factor-b (TGF-β) were then measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method.
findingsThe results showed that opium increases the secretion of IL-6 in different concentration of opium in 6 h. The amount of IFN-γ decreased in 6 h and increased in 24 h significantly compared with control. On the other hand, opium had an inhibitory effect on the TGF-β secretion in 6, 24 and 72 h.
conclusionOverall, the study showed that opium stimulates pro-inflammatory and suppressed anti-inflammatory cytokine secretion in Jurkat cells. This may account for the negative effect of opium on the immune system leading to chronic inflammation and a base for many disorders in opium addicts.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26322210PMC4530193W1265729806What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.