ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2015
Adrenergic regulation of innate immunity: a review.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 192 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
192 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 342 citations in OpenAlex.
- Grief-Related Chest Pain: A Review, Conceptual Analysis, and Integrative Model.Psychophysiology · 2026Pooled it
- Glucocorticoid resistance and β2-adrenergic receptor signaling pathways promote peripheral pro-inflammatory conditions associated with chronic psychological stress: A systematic review across species.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2021Pooled it
- CNS-Spleen Axis - a Close Interplay in Mediating Inflammatory Responses in Burn Patients and a Key to Novel Burn Therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- The Biological and Clinical Relevance of G Protein-Coupled Receptors to the Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Systematized Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2019Pooled it
- Adrenaline is a prominent driver of inflammatory responses following hypoglycaemia.Diabetologia · 2026Trial
- Neuroinflammation and noradrenergic modulation with β2-adrenoceptors: Emerging therapeutic targets for Parkinson's diseases.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Comorbidities and Inflammation: How Chronic Diseases Prime the Host Response in Sepsis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Article
- IL-6 Activity is Required for Maximal Catecholamine Release During High-Intensity Exercise in Men.Molecular metabolism · 2026Article
- Multimodal Imaging Reveals Rapid Catecholamine Uptake and Release by Neutrophils.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Stress and the Immune System: Insights From Psychoneuroimmunology.Physiological research · 2026Review
- Neuro-immune crosstalk in the tumor microenvironment: mechanisms and therapeutic implications for cancer immunotherapy.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- β-Adrenergic receptors as immunomodulators in T cells: mechanisms of neuroimmune crosstalk and pathophysiological implications.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2026Review
- Unraveling the nexus in the neuro-neoplastic progression of colorectal cancer: Potential role of β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR).Journal of advanced research · 2026Review
- Perceived Racial Stress Effects on Neuropsychological Functioning in African Americans are Mediated by the Brain's Reward/Safety SEEKING Systems via Neuroimmune and Neuroendocrine Pathways.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- A Stress-Neuroendocrine-Myeloid Inflammation Axis Is Associated with the Progression of Ménière's Disease.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Sex Differences in Metabolite-Immune Circuits of Neuroinflammation.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Mechanism, Dose, and Administration of Dexmedetomidine in Managing Visceral Pain Associated With Surgery: A Narrative Review.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Review
- The neuroimmune axis and chronic pain disorders.iScience · 2026Review
- Adrenergic receptors: a key determinant of outcomes in bacterial pneumonia and bacterial sepsis-associated acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome through participation in pulmonary innate immune response.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
132 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The sympathetic nervous system has a major role in the brain-immune cross-talk, but few information exist on the sympathoadrenergic regulation of innate immune system. The aim of this review is to summarize available knowledge regarding the sympathetic modulation of the innate immune response, providing a rational background for the possible repurposing of adrenergic drugs as immunomodulating agents. The cells of immune system express adrenoceptors (AR), which represent the target for noradrenaline and adrenaline. In human neutrophils, adrenaline and noradrenaline inhibit migration, CD11b/CD18 expression, and oxidative metabolism, possibly through β-AR, although the role of α1- and α2-AR requires further investigation. Natural Killer express β-AR, which are usually inhibitory. Monocytes express β-AR and their activation is usually antiinflammatory. On murine Dentritic cells (DC), β-AR mediate sympathetic influence on DC-T cells interactions. In human DC β2-AR may affect Th1/2 differentiation of CD4+ T cells. In microglia and in astrocytes, β2-AR dysregulation may contribute to neuroinflammation in autoimmune and neurodegenerative disease. In conclusion, extensive evidence supports a critical role for adrenergic mechanisms in the regulation of innate immunity, in peripheral tissues as well as in the CNS. Sympathoadrenergic pathways in the innate immune system may represent novel antiinflammatory and immunomodulating targets with significant therapeutic potential.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.