Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26321671›Full record

ArticleDrug and alcohol dependence2015

Prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome and partial fetal alcohol syndrome in a Rocky Mountain Region City.

Philip A May, Carol Keaster, Rosemary Bozeman, Joelene Goodover, Jason Blankenship, Wendy O Kalberg, David Buckley, Marita Brooks, Julie Hasken, J Phillip Gossage and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Drug and alcohol dependence, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
39citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

39 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Philip A MayNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), The University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA; Sanford Research & Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA. Electronic address: philip_may@unc.edu.
Carol KeasterCity\County Health Department, USA.
Rosemary BozemanCity\County Health Department, USA.
Joelene GoodoverRocky Mountain City Public Schools, USA.
Jason BlankenshipCenter on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), The University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
Wendy O KalbergCenter on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), The University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA. Electronic address: wkalberg@unm.edu.
David BuckleyCenter on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), The University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA. Electronic address: dbuckely@unm.edu.
Marita BrooksCenter on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), The University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA. Electronic address: maritab@unm.edu.
Julie HaskenNutrition Research Institute, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Gillings School of Global Public Health, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA. Electronic address: julie_hasken@unc.edu.
J Phillip GossageCenter on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), The University of New Mexico, 2650 Yale SE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA. Electronic address: jgossage@unm.edu.
Luther K RobinsonDysmorphology and Clinical Genetics, School of Medicine, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 10138, USA. Electronic address: lrobinson@upa.chob.edu.
Melanie ManningDepartment of Pathology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94109, USA. Electronic address: mmanning@stanford.edu.
H Eugene HoymeSanford Research & Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, The University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA. Electronic address: Gene.Hoyme@sanfordhealth.org.

Funding

TRIAL OF FAS PREVENTION IN AMERICAN INDIAN COMMUNITIESR01AA011685 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF NEW MEXICO · PI MAY, PHILIP ALAN · 1998 to 2001
$3.1M
NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA011685NIAAA NIH HHS R01/U01RO1/U01AA11685
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe prevalence and characteristics of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) and partial FAS (PFAS) in the United States (US) are not well known.

methodsThis active case ascertainment study in a Rocky Mountain Region City assessed the prevalence and traits of children with FAS and PFAS and linked them to maternal risk factors. Diagnoses made by expert clinical dysmorphologists in multidisciplinary case conferences utilized all components of the study: dysmorphology and physical growth, neurobehavior, and maternal risk interviews.

resultsDirect parental (active) consent was obtained for 1278 children. Averages for key physical diagnostic traits and several other minor anomalies were significantly different among FAS, PFAS, and randomly-selected, normal controls. Cognitive tests and behavioral checklists discriminated the diagnostic groups from controls on 12 of 14 instruments. Mothers of children with FAS and PFAS were significantly lower in educational attainment, shorter, later in pregnancy recognition, and suffered more depression, and used marijuana and methamphetamine during their pregnancy. Most pre-pregnancy and pregnancy drinking measures were worse for mothers of FAS and PFAS. Excluding a significant difference in simply admitting drinking during the index pregnancy (FAS and PFAS=75% vs. 39.4% for controls), most quantitative intergroup differences merely approached significance. This community's prevalence of FAS is 2.9-7.5 per 1000, PFAS is 7.9-17.7 per 1000, and combined prevalence is 10.9-25.2 per 1000 or 1.1-2.5%.

conclusionsComprehensive, active case ascertainment methods produced rates of FAS and PFAS higher than predicted by long-standing, popular estimates.

Indexed as

Alcohol DrinkingCase-Control StudiesChildChild DevelopmentFemaleFetal Alcohol Spectrum DisordersHumansMaleMothersPregnancyPrevalenceRisk FactorsUnited StatesAlcohol use and abuseChildren with FAS and PFASFetal alcohol spectrum disordersMaternal risk factorsPrenatal alcohol usePrevalenceUnited States

Identifiers

PMID26321671
PMCPMC4581993

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.