ReviewInternational ophthalmology2015
Biologic therapy for refractory scleritis: a new treatment perspective.
Review in International ophthalmology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of immunomodulatory drugs in patients with anterior uveitis: A systematic literature review.Medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Case report on managing glaucoma with refractory scleritis: iStent complications and challenges.International journal of surgery case reports · 2025Article
- Visual Morbidity and Outcomes of Scleritis Associated with Intraocular Inflammation Compared to Isolated Scleritis.Ocular immunology and inflammation · 2024Article
- Management of Scleritis in Older Adults.Drugs & aging · 2024Article
- Surgical induced necrotizing scleritis following intraocular lens replacement.Journal of ophthalmic inflammation and infection · 2023Article
- Identifying TNF and IL6 as potential hub genes and targeted drugs associated with scleritis: A bio-informative report.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Adalimumab plus Conventional Therapy versus Conventional Therapy in Refractory Non-Infectious Scleritis.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Immunopathological Analysis of a Mouse Model of Arthritis-Associated Scleritis and Implications for Molecular Targeted Therapy for Severe Scleritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- The haplotypes of various TNF related genes associated with scleritis in Chinese Han.Human genomics · 2020Article
- New Potential Weapons for Refractory Scleritis in the Era of Targeted Therapy.Mediators of inflammation · 2020Article
- A case of idiopathic necrotizing scleritis with secondary glaucoma treated successfully with golimumab and Ahmed valve implantation.Indian journal of ophthalmology · 2019Article
- New onset or exacerbation of uveitis with infliximab: paradoxical effects?BMJ open ophthalmology · 2019Article
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha and Pregnancy: Focus on Biologics. An Updated and Comprehensive Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2017Review
- Is there a role for TNFα blockade in ANCA-associated vasculitis and glomerulonephritis?Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2017Review
- [Diagnosis and treatment of episcleritis and scleritis].Der Ophthalmologe : Zeitschrift der Deutschen Ophthalmologischen Gesellschaft · 2016Review
- Management of noninfectious scleritis.Therapeutic advances in ophthalmologyReview
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Scleritis is an umbrella term for a heterogeneous group of ocular diseases that can be associated with autoimmune or systemic disorders. The purpose of this article was to review the literature regarding the use of biologic drugs to treat refractory scleritis. A search of the MEDLINE, Embase, and LILACS electronic databases was conducted, and the reference lists of published articles were hand-searched. No language filters were used. This search strategy yielded no randomized trials of the use of biologic therapies to treat scleritis; only case reports and retrospective studies were retrieved. These studies suggest that monoclonal antibodies (infliximab and adalimumab) are superior to the soluble TNF receptor fusion protein etanercept for the treatment of scleritis in patients that do not respond to corticosteroids and/or to immunosuppressive treatment. Rituximab seems to be the best option for scleritis associated with vasculitis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.