ReviewVaccine2015
Prospects in Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette et Guérin (BCG) vaccine diversity and delivery: why does BCG fail to protect against tuberculosis?
Review in Vaccine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
52 citing papers in PubMed, 95 citations in OpenAlex.
- Characterization of the Effect of α-Lipoic Acid in Human Macrophages Infected withInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- BCG vaccination reduces the rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination between murine lungs.Research square · 2026Article
- BCG vaccination reduces the rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis dissemination between murine lungs.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Improved immune responses and tuberculosis protection by aerosol vaccination with recombinant BCG expressing ESX-1 from Mycobacterium marinum.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- Design of a multi-epitope vaccine against drug-resistant mycobacterium tuberculosis and mycobacterium bovis using reverse vaccinology.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Novel Targets for the Development of Tuberculosis Vaccine.Current drug discovery technologies · 2025Review
- A multistage Sendai virus vaccine incorporating latency-associated antigens induces protection against acute and latent tuberculosis.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Potential biomarkers for evaluating the BCG vaccination response based on humoral immunity.Heliyon · 2024Article
- DNA and RNA vaccines against tuberculosis: a scoping review of human and animal studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Article
- BCG administration promotes the long-term protection afforded by a single-dose intranasal adenovirus-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.iScience · 2023Article
- Mycobacterial DNA-binding protein 1 is critical for BCG survival in stressful environments and simultaneously regulates gene expression.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Mapping the phylogeny and lineage history of geographically distinct BCG vaccine strains.Microbial genomics · 2023Article
- Culture filtrate proteins from BCG act as adjuvants for cytotoxic T lymphocyte induction.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- Research progress on specific and non-specific immune effects of BCG and the possibility of BCG protection against COVID-19.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Immunologic Role of Innate Lymphoid Cells againstBiomedicines · 2022Review
- AuxotrophicVaccines · 2022Review
- RNA Microarray-Based Comparison of Innate Immune Phenotypes between Human THP-1 Macrophages Stimulated with Two BCG Strains.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- IL-10 Receptor Blockade Delivered Simultaneously with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Vaccination Sustains Long-Term Protection againstJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2022Article
- Photochemically-Mediated Inflammation and Cross-Presentation ofFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) infection leads to active tuberculosis (TB), a disease that kills one human every 18s. Current therapies available to combat TB include chemotherapy and the preventative vaccine Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette et Guérin (BCG). Increased reporting of drug resistant M.tb strains worldwide indicates that drug development cannot be the primary mechanism for eradication. BCG vaccination has been used globally for protection against childhood and disseminated TB, however, its efficacy at protecting against pulmonary TB in adult and aging populations is highly variable. In this regard, the immune response generated by BCG vaccination is incapable of sterilizing the lung post M.tb infection as indicated by the large proportion of individuals with latent TB infection that have received BCG. Although many new TB vaccine candidates have entered the development pipeline, only a few have moved to human clinical trials; where they showed no efficacy and/or were withdrawn due to safety regulations. These trials highlight our limited understanding of protective immunity against the development of active TB. Here, we discuss current vaccination strategies and their impact on the generation and sustainability of protective immunity against TB.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.