ArticleJournal of biomarkers2014
Portable XRF Technology to Quantify Pb in Bone In Vivo.
Article in Journal of biomarkers, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
31 citing papers in PubMed.
- Portable Cd-109/CZT KXRF system for in vivo bone lead measurement: a field-deployable method for assessing cumulative lead exposure.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2026Article
- The effect of chelation on bone Pb stores in Pb poisoned children.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Measuring historical pollution: Natural history collections as tools for public health and environmental justice research.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- Comparison between inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and benchtop X-ray fluorescence performance for trace elemental exposure in rat tissues.Journal of trace elements and minerals · 2025Article
- Elevated Metal Levels in U.S. Honeys: Is There a Concern for Human Health?Biological trace element research · 2025Article
- Dosimetry Testing for a New In Vivo X-ray Fluorescence Measurement System.Health physics · 2025Article
- Ways to Measure Metals: From ICP-MS to XRF.Current environmental health reports · 2025Review
- Portable x-ray fluorescence for bone lead measurement: Current approaches and future directions.Current environmental health reports · 2024Review
- Bone lead measurements of live condors in field to assess cumulative lead exposure.Environmental science and pollution research international · 2024Article
- Lead exposure across the life course and age at death.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Benchtop x-ray fluorescence to quantify elemental content in nails non-destructively.The Science of the total environment · 2024Article
- Bone lead variability in bone repository skeletal samples measured with portable x-ray fluorescence.The Science of the total environment · 2023Article
- In vivo quantification of strontium in bone among adults using portable x-ray fluorescence.Journal of trace elements in medicine and biology : organ of the Society for Minerals and Trace Elements (GMS) · 2022Article
- Portable X-ray Fluorescence as a Rapid Determination Tool to Detect Parts per Million Levels of Ni, Zn, As, Se, and Pb in Human Toenails: A South India Case Study.Environmental science & technology · 2021Article
- A novel calibration for L-shell x-ray fluorescence measurements of bone lead concentration using the strontium KPhysiological measurement · 2021Article
- Feasibility of Lead Exposure Assessment in Blood Spots using Energy-Dispersive X-ray Fluorescence.Environmental science & technology · 2021Article
- Comparative analysis of the dust retention capacity and leaf microstructure of 11 Sophora japonica clones.PloS one · 2021Article
- Lead exposure and association with angiogenic factors and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy.Pregnancy hypertension · 2020Article
- Comparison of bone lead measured via portable x-ray fluorescence across and within bones.Environmental research · 2019Article
- A Dosimetry Study of Portable X-ray Fluorescence in Vivo Metal Measurements.Health physics · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Lead is a ubiquitous toxicant. Bone lead has been established as an important biomarker for cumulative lead exposures and has been correlated with adverse health effects on many systems in the body. K-shell X-ray fluorescence (KXRF) is the standard method for measuring bone lead, but this approach has many difficulties that have limited the widespread use of this exposure assessment method. With recent advancements in X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technology, we have developed a portable system that can quantify lead in bone in vivo within 3 minutes. Our study investigated improvements to the system, four calibration methods, and system validation for in vivo measurements. Our main results show that the detection limit of the system is 2.9 ppm with 2 mm soft tissue thickness, the best calibration method for in vivo measurement is background subtraction, and there is strong correlation between KXRF and portable LXRF bone lead results. Our results indicate that the technology is ready to be used in large human population studies to investigate adverse health effects of lead exposure. The portability of the system and fast measurement time should allow for this technology to greatly advance the research on lead exposure and public/environmental health.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.