ArticleArchives of environmental contamination and toxicology2016
Characterization of Pesticide Exposure in a Sample of Pregnant Women in Ecuador.
Article in Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review of human biomonitoring studies of ethylenethiourea, a urinary biomarker for exposure to dithiocarbamate fungicides.Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) · 2022Pooled it
- Recruitment process for studying occupational and environmental chemical exposures in a birth cohort study in Ecuador: challenges dealing with a stratified sample.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Article
- Article
- The Study of Environmental Exposure of Mothers and Infants Impacted by Large-Scale Agriculture (SEMILLA): Description of the Aims and Methods of a Community-Based Birth Cohort Study.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Exposure Patterns of Multiple Pesticides and Urinary Alterations of Trimethylamine (TMA) and Trimethylamine N-Oxide (TMAO) among Pregnant Women.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- Mapping Potential Population-Level Pesticide Exposures in Ecuador Using a Modular and Scalable Geospatial Strategy.GeoHealth · 2023Article
- A systematic review of human biomonitoring studies of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid, a urinary biomarker pyrethroid insecticide exposure, 1997 to 2019.Hygiene and environmental health advances · 2022Article
- Urinary Metabolites of Organophosphate Pesticides among Pregnant Women Participating in the Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Acetylcholinesterase activity and thyroid hormone levels in Ecuadorian adolescents living in agricultural settings where organophosphate pesticides are used.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2021Article
- Residential proximity to greenhouse crops and pesticide exposure (via acetylcholinesterase activity) assessed from childhood through adolescence.Environmental research · 2020Article
- Article
- Residential proximity to greenhouse agriculture and neurobehavioral performance in Ecuadorian children.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2020Article
- Migrant Farmworkers' Exposure to Pesticides in Sonora, Mexico.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2018Article
- Development and validation of the PEPPER framework (Prenatal Exposure PubMed ParsER) with applications to food additives.Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA · 2018Article
- Home proximity to flower plantations and higher systolic blood pressure among children.International journal of hygiene and environmental health · 2018Article
- Assessment of Maternal-Infant Interaction: Application of the Still Face Paradigm in a Rural Population of Working Women in Ecuador.Maternal and child health journal · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Few studies have detailed the prenatal pesticide exposure levels of women employed in or residing near large-scale agricultural industries. This study reports pesticide metabolite levels during and shortly after pregnancy in a pilot study of workers in Ecuador. Urine samples were collected for 16 rose workers and 10 nonagricultural workers enrolled into the study in early pregnancy. We measured six nonspecific organophosphatedialkylphosphate (DAP) pesticide metabolites, two alkylenebis-dithiocarbamate pesticide metabolites [ethylene thiourea (ETU) and propylene thiourea (PTU)], 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCPy), malathion dicarboxylic acid, and two pyrethroid metabolites (2,2-dimethylcyclo propanecarboxylic acid and 3-phenooxybenzoic acid). We collected 141 urine samples (mean: 5.4 per woman). We observed high detection frequencies for five DAP metabolites and ETU, PTU, and TCPy. We report elevated levels of ETU in the entire sample (median 4.24 ng/mL, IQR 2.23, 7.18), suggesting other possible non-occupational pathways of exposure. We found no statistical differences in pesticide levels by current employment status, although the highest pesticide levels were among rose workers. We observed within-woman correlation in TCPy and PTU levels, but not in ETU or DAP levels. The present study is the first to characterize prenatal pesticide exposure levels among working women in Ecuador. Limitations include a small sample size and use of a convenience sample. Strengths include a longitudinal design and multiple urine samples per woman. Results provide an initial characterization of prenatal pesticide exposure levels and how these levels vary over pregnancy in a community impacted by agricultural industry and will inform further studies in the region.
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Registered trials
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