Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26310318›Full record

SynthesisScientific reports2015

A combined pre-clinical meta-analysis and randomized confirmatory trial approach to improve data validity for therapeutic target validation.

Pamela W M Kleikers, Carlijn Hooijmans, Eva Göb, Friederike Langhauser, Sarah S J Rewell, Kim Radermacher, Merel Ritskes-Hoitinga, David W Howells, Christoph Kleinschnitz, Harald H H W Schmidt

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Scientific reports, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
4.3field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. NOX Inhibitors: From Bench to Naxibs to Bedside.Handbook of experimental pharmacology · 2021
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Review
  8. From single drug targets to synergistic network pharmacology in ischemic stroke.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
    Article
  9. The use of digital pathology and image analysis in clinical trials.The journal of pathology. Clinical research · 2019
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Theranostics · 2018
    Review
  15. NOX4-dependent neuronal autotoxicity and BBB breakdown explain the superior sensitivity of the brain to ischemic damage.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2017
    Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Reliability of infarct volumetry: Its relevance and the improvement by a software-assisted approach.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2017
    Article
  19. Article
  20. NOS knockout or inhibition but not disrupting PSD-95-NOS interaction protect against ischemic brain damage.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2016
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Pamela W M KleikersDepartment of Pharmacology, CARIM, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Carlijn HooijmansSYRCLE at Central Animal Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Eva GöbNeurologische Klinik und Poliklinik der Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Friederike LanghauserNeurologische Klinik und Poliklinik der Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Sarah S J RewellFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Kim RadermacherDepartment of Pharmacology, CARIM, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Merel Ritskes-HoitingaSYRCLE at Central Animal Laboratory, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
David W HowellsFlorey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Austin Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Christoph KleinschnitzNeurologische Klinik und Poliklinik der Universitätsklinik Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
Harald H H W SchmidtDepartment of Pharmacology, CARIM, Faculty of Health, Medicine and Life Sciences, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie · DEMaastricht University · NLAustin Health · AURadboud University Medical Center · NLRadboud University Nijmegen · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Biomedical research suffers from a dramatically poor translational success. For example, in ischemic stroke, a condition with a high medical need, over a thousand experimental drug targets were unsuccessful. Here, we adopt methods from clinical research for a late-stage pre-clinical meta-analysis (MA) and randomized confirmatory trial (pRCT) approach. A profound body of literature suggests NOX2 to be a major therapeutic target in stroke. Systematic review and MA of all available NOX2(-/y) studies revealed a positive publication bias and lack of statistical power to detect a relevant reduction in infarct size. A fully powered multi-center pRCT rejects NOX2 as a target to improve neurofunctional outcomes or achieve a translationally relevant infarct size reduction. Thus stringent statistical thresholds, reporting negative data and a MA-pRCT approach can ensure biomedical data validity and overcome risks of bias.

Indexed as

Molecular Targeted TherapyRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAnimalsBrain InfarctionFemaleMice, Inbred C57BLNADPH OxidasesPublication BiasReproducibility of ResultsResearch ReportStatistics as TopicStrokeNADPH Oxidases

Identifiers

PMID26310318
PMCPMC4550831
OpenAlexW2395260559

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.