ArticleInternational journal of clinical and experimental medicine2015
Soluble costimulatory molecule sTim3 regulates the differentiation of Th1 and Th2 in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion.
Article in International journal of clinical and experimental medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
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Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Involvement of Tim-3 in Maternal-fetal Tolerance: A Review of Current Understanding.International journal of biological sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- The effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection on galectin-9 expression in decidual macrophages contributing to dysfunction of decidual NK cells during pregnancy.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Article
- Whole exome sequencing identifies a novel mutation inFrontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Soluble Forms of Immune Checkpoints and Their Ligands as Potential Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Recurrent Pregnancy Loss-A Preliminary Study.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Galectin-1 and Galectin-9 Concentration in Maternal Serum: Implications in Pregnancies Complicated with Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
- Tim-3/Galectin-9 signaling pathway is involved in the cytokine changes in mice with alveolar echinococcosis.Molecular biology reports · 2022Article
- Immunological Changes in Pregnancy and Prospects of Therapeutic Pla-Xosomes in Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Regulation of the innate immune cells during pregnancy: An immune checkpoint perspective.Journal of cellular and molecular medicine · 2021Review
- Differences in Immune Checkpoints Expression (TIM-3 and PD-1) on T Cells in Women with Recurrent Miscarriages-Preliminary Studies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2021Article
- Key Gene and Functional Pathways Identified in Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion Using Targeted RNA Sequencing and Clinical Analysis.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Medawar's PostEra: Galectins Emerged as Key Players During Fetal-Maternal Glycoimmune Adaptation.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Article
- Proteomic Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins in the Placenta of Anticardiolipin Antibody- (ACA-) Positive Pregnant Mice after Anzi Heji Treatment.Evidence-based complementary and alternative medicine : eCAM · 2020Article
- T Helper (Th) Cell Profiles in Pregnancy and Recurrent Pregnancy Losses: Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17/Th22/Tfh Cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Review
- Immune Checkpoint Molecules in Reproductive Immunology.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Article
- Immune checkpoint molecules soluble program death ligand 1 and galectin-9 are increased in pregnancy.American journal of reproductive immunology (New York, N.Y. : 1989) · 2018Article
- Highly elevated soluble Tim-3 levels correlate with increased hepatocellular carcinoma risk and poor survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in chronic hepatitis B virus infection.Cancer management and research · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study is to investigate the mechanism of unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA). A total of 35 cases of URSA patients (URSA group), 20 cases with normal pregnancy (normal pregnancy group) and 20 healthy non-pregnancy candidates (healthy control group) were enrolled in this study. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used for detection of serum soluble Tim-3 (sTim3) and Galectin-9. Cytokine bead array (CBA) determination method was used to detect IFN-γ and IL-4 expression levels. Compared with the healthy control group, sTim-3 levels in normal pregnancy group and URSA group increased, and URSA group had significantly higher sTim-3 levels than normal pregnancy group (P < 0.05). Compared with the healthy control group, Galectin-9 levels in normal pregnancy group and URSA group also increased. However, the normal pregnancy group had significantly higher Galectin-9 level than URSA group (P < 0.05). IFN-γ levels in normal pregnancy group and URSA group were lower than those in healthy control group, and IFN-γ levels in the normal pregnancy group were significantly lower than those in URSA group (P < 0.05). Levels of IL-4 in normal pregnancy group and URSA groups increased compared with the healthy control group, and the IL-4 levels in normal pregnancy group were significantly higher than those in URSA group (P < 0.05). Th1/Th2 imbalance, sTim-3 and Galectin-9 expression increase are found in the patients with URSA, ant this might be involved in the regulation of immunity in pregnancy.
Indexed as
Identifiers
26309533PMC4537953W1159541337What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.