ArticleDrug design, development and therapy2015
20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 promotes senescence and apoptosis in gallbladder cancer cells via the p53 pathway.
Article in Drug design, development and therapy, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 44 papers.
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Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 58 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide CRISPR screen identifies ELP5 as a determinant of gemcitabine sensitivity in gallbladder cancer.Nature communications · 2019Trial
- Ginsenoside Rg3 inhibits melanoma progression by inducing ferroptosis via the p53/SLC7A11/GPX4 pathway.Journal of advanced research · 2026Article
- Pro-Apoptotic and Anti-EMT Activity of Wild Ginseng Adventitious Root Extract in MDA-MB-231 TNBC Cells: Association with GSK-3β/β-Catenin Signaling.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Modulation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway by steroidal saponins: therapeutic implications in cancer.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Gintonin-EnrichedFoods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Ginsenoside Rg3 activates the immune function of CD8+ T cells via circFOXP1-miR-4477a-PD-L1 axis to induce ferroptosis in gallbladder cancer.Archives of pharmacal research · 2024Article
- Biosynthesis of palladium, platinum, and their bimetallic nanoparticles using rosemary and ginseng herbal plants: evaluation of anticancer activity.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Ginsenosides and Tumors: A Comprehensive and Visualized Analysis of Research Hotspots and Antitumor Mechanisms.Journal of Cancer · 2024Article
- Modulating the p53-MDM2 pathway: the therapeutic potential of natural compounds in cancer treatment.EXCLI journal · 2024Review
- Ginsenoside Rg3: A Review of its Anticancer Mechanisms and Potential Therapeutic Applications.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2024Review
- The preventive role of the red gingeng ginsenoside Rg3 in the treatment of lung tumorigenesis induced by benzo(a)pyrene.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Anti-neuroinflammatory of Chloroform Extract ofReports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2022Article
- Research progress of ginseng in the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Co-treatment with Ginsenoside 20(S)-Rg3 and Curcumin increases Radiosensitivity of MDA-MB-231 Cancer Cell Line.Iranian journal of medical sciences · 2021Article
- Review of ginsenosides targeting mitochondrial function to treat multiple disorders: Current status and perspectives.Journal of ginseng research · 2021Review
- Ginsenoside Rg3 Promotes Cell Growth Through Activation of mTORC1.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Article
- Targeting gallbladder cancer: a pathway based perspective.Molecular biology reports · 2020Review
- Proteomic analyses reveal that ginsenoside Rg3(Journal of ginseng research · 2020Article
- Ginsenoside Rg3 and Korean Red Ginseng extract epigenetically regulate the tumor-related long noncoding RNAs RFX3-AS1 and STXBP5-AS1.Journal of ginseng research · 2019Article
- Chemical Structures and Pharmacological Profiles of Ginseng Saponins.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
20 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer (GBC), the most frequent malignancy of the biliary tract, is associated with high mortality and extremely poor prognosis. 20(S)-ginsenoside Rg3 (20(S)-Rg3) is a steroidal saponin with high pharmacological activity. However, the anticancer effect of 20(S)-Rg3 in human GBC has not yet been determined. In this study, we primarily found that 20(S)-Rg3 exposure suppressed the survival of both NOZ and GBC-SD cell lines in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, induction of cellular senescence and G0/G1 arrest by 20(S)-Rg3 were accompanied by a large accumulation of p53 and p21 as a result of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) inhibition. 20(S)-Rg3 also caused a remarkable increase in apoptosis via the activation of the mitochondrial-mediated intrinsic caspase pathway. Furthermore, intraperitoneal injection of 20(S)-Rg3 (20 or 40 mg/kg) for 3 weeks markedly inhibited the growth of xenografts in nude mice. Our results demonstrated that 20(S)-Rg3 potently inhibited growth and survival of GBC cells both in vitro and in vivo. 20(S)-Rg3 attenuated GBC growth probably via activation of the p53 pathway, and subsequent induction of cellular senescence and mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis. Therefore, 20(S)-Rg3 may be a potential chemotherapeutic agent for GBC therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.