Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26308021›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of environmental research and public health2015

E-Cigarettes: A Review of New Trends in Cannabis Use.

Christian Giroud, Mariangela de Cesare, Aurélie Berthet, Vincent Varlet, Nicolas Concha-Lozano, Bernard Favrat

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 93 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
93citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
17.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

93 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 242 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Cannabis concentrate vaping chemistry.Frontiers in toxicology · 2025
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Chemical Composition of Electronic Vaping Products From School Grounds in California.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024
    Article
  15. An Internet Snapshot Survey Assessing the sale of Synthetic Cannabinoid Receptor Agonists for use with Electronic Vaping Devices.Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology · 2024
    Article
  16. Correlation gas chromatography and two-dimensional volatility basis methods to predict gas-particle partitioning for e-cigarette aerosols.Aerosol science and technology : the journal of the American Association for Aerosol Research · 2024
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023
    Review

33 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Christian GiroudForensic Toxicology and Chemistry Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine (CURML), CH-1000 Lausanne 25, Switzerland. christian.giroud@chuv.ch.
Mariangela de CesareUnità di Medicina e Psicologia del Traffico, via Trevano 4, Casella postale 4044, CH-6904 Lugano, Switzerland. mariangela.decesare@umpt.ch.
Aurélie BerthetDepartment of Community Medicine and Health (DUMSC), Rue du Bugnon 44, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. aurelie.berthet@hospvd.ch.
Vincent VarletForensic Toxicology and Chemistry Unit, University Center of Legal Medicine (CURML), CH-1000 Lausanne 25, Switzerland. vincent.varlet@chuv.ch.
Nicolas Concha-LozanoDepartment of Community Medicine and Health (DUMSC), Rue du Bugnon 44, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Bernard FavratDepartment of Community Medicine and Health (DUMSC), Rue du Bugnon 44, CH-1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. bernard.favrat@chuv.ch.
University of Lausanne · CHUniversity Centre of Legal Medicine · CH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The emergence of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) has given cannabis smokers a new method of inhaling cannabinoids. E-cigs differ from traditional marijuana cigarettes in several respects. First, it is assumed that vaporizing cannabinoids at lower temperatures is safer because it produces smaller amounts of toxic substances than the hot combustion of a marijuana cigarette. Recreational cannabis users can discretely "vape" deodorized cannabis extracts with minimal annoyance to the people around them and less chance of detection. There are nevertheless several drawbacks worth mentioning: although manufacturing commercial (or homemade) cannabinoid-enriched electronic liquids (e-liquids) requires lengthy, complex processing, some are readily on the Internet despite their lack of quality control, expiry date, and conditions of preservation and, above all, any toxicological and clinical assessment. Besides these safety problems, the regulatory situation surrounding e-liquids is often unclear. More simply ground cannabis flowering heads or concentrated, oily THC extracts (such as butane honey oil or BHO) can be vaped in specially designed, pen-sized marijuana vaporizers. Analysis of a commercial e-liquid rich in cannabidiol showed that it contained a smaller dose of active ingredient than advertised; testing our laboratory-made, purified BHO, however, confirmed that it could be vaped in an e-cig to deliver a psychoactive dose of THC. The health consequences specific to vaping these cannabis preparations remain largely unknown and speculative due to the absence of comprehensive, robust scientific studies. The most significant health concerns involve the vaping of cannabinoids by children and teenagers. E-cigs could provide an alternative gateway to cannabis use for young people. Furthermore, vaping cannabinoids could lead to environmental and passive contamination.

Indexed as

CannabinoidsElectronic Nicotine Delivery SystemsHumansMarijuana SmokingNebulizers and VaporizersCannabinoidsadolescencecannabiselectronic cigarettevaping

Identifiers

PMID26308021
PMCPMC4555324
OpenAlexW2098430390

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.