ArticleInternational journal of molecular sciences2015
AGEs-Induced IL-6 Synthesis Precedes RAGE Up-Regulation in HEK 293 Cells: An Alternative Inflammatory Mechanism?
Article in International journal of molecular sciences, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Serum osteocalcin levels are inversely associated with UACR in Chinese DKD patients: a meta-analysis of 20 clinical studies.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Pooled it
- Advances in Targeting the AGEs-RAGE Pathway for the Treatment of Diabetic Kidney Disease.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Review
- Relationship of S100 Proteins with Neuroinflammation.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Therapeutic Potential of Infrared and Related Light Therapies in Metabolic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- BeyondInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Gramine Exerts Cytoprotective Effects and Antioxidant Properties Against HApplied biochemistry and biotechnology · 2024Article
- A GP130-Targeting Small Molecule, LMT-28, Reduces LPS-Induced Bone Resorption around Implants in Diabetic Models by Inhibiting IL-6/GP130/JAK2/STAT3 Signaling.Mediators of inflammation · 2023Article
- Anti-RAGE (Receptor Advanced Glycation End products) Antibody Improves Diabetic Retinopathy in Rats via Hypoglycemic and Anti-inflammatory Mechanism.Reports of biochemistry & molecular biology · 2022Article
- Hibiscus, Rooibos, and Yerba Mate for Healthy Aging: A Review on the Attenuation of In Vitro and In Vivo Markers Related to Oxidative Stress, Glycoxidation, and Neurodegeneration.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Proangiogenic Effect of 2A-Peptide Based Multicistronic Recombinant Constructs Encoding VEGF and FGF2 Growth Factors.International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Key biomarkers within the colorectal cancer related inflammatory microenvironment.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Synergistic Antioxidant Effects of Araloside A and L-Ascorbic Acid on HOxidative medicine and cellular longevity · 2021Article
- Soluble Receptor for Glycation End-products Concentration Increases Following the Treatment of Severe Diabetic KetoacidosisJournal of clinical research in pediatric endocrinology · 2020Article
- Dietary AGEs involvement in colonic inflammation and cancer: insights from an in vitro enterocyte model.Scientific reports · 2020Article
- Characterization of Exosomal SLC22A5 (OCTN2) carnitine transporter.Scientific reports · 2018Article
- RAGE and TGF-β1 Cross-Talk Regulate Extracellular Matrix Turnover and Cytokine Synthesis in AGEs Exposed Fibroblast Cells.PloS one · 2016Article
- The Initial Months of Antiretroviral Therapy and Its Influence on AGEs, HMGB1, and sRAGE Levels in Asymptomatic HIV-Infected Individuals.Mediators of inflammation · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) can activate the inflammatory pathways involved in diabetic nephropathy. Understanding these molecular pathways could contribute to therapeutic strategies for diabetes complications. We evaluated the modulation of inflammatory and oxidative markers, as well as the protective mechanisms employed by human embryonic kidney cells (HEK 293) upon exposure to 200 μg/mL bovine serum albumine (BSA) or AGEs-BSA for 12, 24 and 48 h. The mRNA and protein expression levels of AGEs receptor (RAGE) and heat shock proteins (HSPs) 27, 60 and 70, the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the expression levels of eight cytokines were analysed. Cell damage via oxidative mechanisms was evaluated by glutathione and malondialdehyde levels. The data revealed two different time scale responses. First, the up-regulation of interleukin-6 (IL-6), HSP 27 and high catalase activity were detected as early as 12 h after exposure to AGEs-BSA, while the second response, after 24 h, consisted of NF-κB p65, RAGE, HSP 70 and inflammatory cytokine up-regulation, glutathione depletion, malondialdehyde increase and the activation of antioxidant enzymes. IL-6 might be important in the early ignition of inflammatory responses, while the cellular redox imbalance, RAGE activation and NF-κB p65 increased expression further enhance inflammatory signals in HEK 293 cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.