ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Cross-strand binding of TFAM to a single mtDNA molecule forms the mitochondrial nucleoid.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 213 papers.
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Who cites it
213 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cellular Mechanisms Enabling Mitochondria Transfer and Transplantation.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Article
- Functional impact of Nth like DNA glycosylase 1 on mitochondrial dynamics.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial Quality Control Links Exercise to Sterile Inflammation in the Cardiovascular System: A Narrative Review.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Mitochondrial Cristae as Separate Compartments: Linking Organization and Function.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Folding the message: mRNA structure as a regulatory layer of human mitochondrial gene expression.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Molecular cell research · 2026Review
- Review
- Higher-order structural organization of mitochondrial metabolism.The Journal of biological chemistry · 2026Review
- Single-molecule mitochondrial DNA imaging reveals heteroplasmy dynamics shaped by developmental bottlenecks and selection in vivo.Developmental cell · 2026Article
- TFAM organizes DNA into compact higher order structures.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Membranes arrest the coarsening of mitochondrial condensates in human cells.Communications biology · 2026Article
- TFAM promotes mitochondrial division by increasing mitochondrial Sirt3.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Specialized high-capacity mitochondria fuel cell invasion.Current biology : CB · 2026Article
- MitoPerturb-Seq identifies gene-specific single-cell responses to mitochondrial DNA depletion and heteroplasmy.Nature structural & molecular biology · 2026Article
- Article
- Next-Generation Metabolic Reprogramming in iPSC-Derived Cardiomyocytes: CRISPR-EV Synergy for Precision Cardiac Regeneration.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- PRMT5 in mitochondria regulates mtDNA stability through TFAM arginine methylation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Interferon Regulatory Factors in Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease: Cell-Type Programs, Danger Signaling, and Therapeutic Opportunities.Current issues in molecular biology · 2026Review
- Non-canonical role of natural quinones in mitochondrial nucleoid organization for maintaining respiration and protecting cardiac function.Journal of biochemistry · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial transcription factor A: linking mtDNA maintenance, mitochondrial stress responses, and inflammaging.Frontiers in aging · 2026Review
153 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Mammalian mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is packaged by mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) into mitochondrial nucleoids that are of key importance in controlling the transmission and expression of mtDNA. Nucleoid ultrastructure is poorly defined, and therefore we used a combination of biochemistry, superresolution microscopy, and electron microscopy to show that mitochondrial nucleoids have an irregular ellipsoidal shape and typically contain a single copy of mtDNA. Rotary shadowing electron microscopy revealed that nucleoid formation in vitro is a multistep process initiated by TFAM aggregation and cross-strand binding. Superresolution microscopy of cultivated cells showed that increased mtDNA copy number increases nucleoid numbers without altering their sizes. Electron cryo-tomography visualized nucleoids at high resolution in isolated mammalian mitochondria and confirmed the sizes observed by superresolution microscopy of cell lines. We conclude that the fundamental organizational unit of the mitochondrial nucleoid is a single copy of mtDNA compacted by TFAM, and we suggest a packaging mechanism.
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