ArticleJournal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines2016
Methylomic analysis of salivary DNA in childhood ADHD identifies altered DNA methylation in VIPR2.
Article in Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, and allied disciplines, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 112 citations in OpenAlex.
- Epigenome-wide DNA methylation in externalizing behaviours: A review and combined analysis.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Association between DNA methylation and ADHD symptoms from birth to school age: a prospective meta-analysis.Translational psychiatry · 2020Pooled it
- Epigenome-wide Association Study of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Adults.Biological psychiatry · 2019Pooled it
- Maternal BMI at the start of pregnancy and offspring epigenome-wide DNA methylation: findings from the pregnancy and childhood epigenetics (PACE) consortium.Human molecular genetics · 2017Pooled it
- Attention, cognitive control and motivation in ADHD: Linking event-related brain potentials and DNA methylation patterns in boys at early school age.Scientific reports · 2017Trial
- A comprehensive overview of the biological foundations of ADHD.Bioscience reports · 2026Review
- Vipr2 Gene Expression Is Upregulated in the Nucleus Accumbens of Spontaneous Hypertensive Rats During Early Life.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2026Article
- Epigenetic mechanisms linking the perinatal environment, the placenta, and maternal and child health outcomes: evidence for sexual dimorphism.Environmental epigenetics · 2026Article
- Epigenetic dichotomy in florid vs. gliotic proliferative diabetic retinopathy: hypomethylation of EGLN1 and MMP9 drives divergent pathogenic pathways in angiogenesis and fibrosis.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Mitochondrial DNA methylation is involved in contrast-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury.Renal failure · 2025Article
- Brain region and cell type-specific DNA methylation profiles in association with ADHD.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: insights, advances and challenges in research and practice.Postepy psychiatrii neurologii · 2025Review
- Saliva as a potential diagnostic medium: DNA methylation biomarkers for disorders beyond the oral cavity.NPJ genomic medicine · 2025Article
- Genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of hippocampal tissue in a murine model of attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder.PloS one · 2025Article
- Potential Effects of Low-Level Toluene Exposure on the Nervous System of Mothers and Infants.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- Epigenome-wide Association Study for Tic Disorders in Children: A Preliminary Study in Korean Population.Clinical psychopharmacology and neuroscience : the official scientific journal of the Korean College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Cortico-striatal differences in the epigenome in attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- Epigenome-wide association study identifies neonatal DNA methylation associated with two-year attention problems in children born very preterm.Translational psychiatry · 2024Article
- The known and unknown about attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) genetics: a special emphasis on Arab population.Frontiers in genetics · 2024Review
- Advances in the etiology and neuroimaging of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2024Review
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPeripheral epigenetic marks hold promise for understanding psychiatric illness and may represent fingerprints of gene-environment interactions. We conducted an initial examination of CpG methylation variation in children with or without attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
methodsChildren age 7-12 were recruited, screened, evaluated and assigned to ADHD or non-ADHD groups by defined research criteria. Two independent age-matched samples were examined, a discovery set (n = 92, all boys, half control, half ADHD) and a confirmation set (n = 20, half ADHD, all boys). 5-methylcytosine levels were quantified in salivary DNA using the Illumina 450 K HumanMethylation array. Genes for which multiple probes were nominally significant and had a beta difference of at least 2% were evaluated for biological relevance and prioritized for confirmation and sequence validation. Gene pathways were explored and described.
resultsTwo genes met the criteria for confirmation testing, VIPR2 and MYT1L; both had multiple probes meeting cutoffs and strong biological relevance. Probes on VIPR2 passed FDR correction in the confirmation set and were confirmed through bisulfite sequencing. Enrichment analysis suggested involvement of gene sets or pathways related to inflammatory processes and modulation of monoamine and cholinergic neurotransmission.
conclusionsAlthough it is unknown to what extent CpG methylation seen in peripheral tissue reflect transcriptomic changes in the brain, these initial results indicate that peripheral DNA methylation markers in ADHD may be promising and suggest targeted hypotheses for future study in larger samples.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.