Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26300401›Full record

ArticleJournal of biomechanics2015

Feasible muscle activation ranges based on inverse dynamics analyses of human walking.

Cole S Simpson, M Hongchul Sohn, Jessica L Allen, Lena H Ting

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of biomechanics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Trial
  2. Estimating Muscle Parameters via Hierarchical Bayesian Neuromechanics.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
  4. A framework for quantifying the mechanics of dexterous grasp.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  5. Ethnokinesiology: towards a neuromechanical understanding of cultural differences in movement.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2024
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Neuromuscular control: from a biomechanist's perspective.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2023
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Hammering Does Not Fit Fitts' Law.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2017
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Cole S SimpsonGeorge W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, United States.
M Hongchul SohnGeorge W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, United States.
Jessica L AllenWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, GA, United States.
Lena H TingGeorge W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, GA, United States; Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, GA, United States. Electronic address: lting@emory.edu.

Funding

Neuromechanical Modeling of Postural Responses:Mechanisms of Balance Impairments in Parkinson's DiseaseR01HD046922 · NICHD · GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI Michael Robert Borich, Lena H Ting · 2004 to 2026
$7.7M
TRAINING IN TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH IN NEUROLOGYT32NS007480 · NINDS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI LEVEY, ALLAN I · 2000 to 2020
$4.5M
Muscle coordination changes affecting impaired balance control post-stroke.F32NS087775 · NINDS · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI ALLEN, JESSICA · 2015 to 2016
$115k
NICHD NIH HHS HD46922NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD046922NINDS NIH HHS F32 NS087775NINDS NIH HHS T32 NS007480NINDS NIH HHS T32NS007480
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Although it is possible to produce the same movement using an infinite number of different muscle activation patterns owing to musculoskeletal redundancy, the degree to which observed variations in muscle activity can deviate from optimal solutions computed from biomechanical models is not known. Here, we examined the range of biomechanically permitted activation levels in individual muscles during human walking using a detailed musculoskeletal model and experimentally-measured kinetics and kinematics. Feasible muscle activation ranges define the minimum and maximum possible level of each muscle's activation that satisfy inverse dynamics joint torques assuming that all other muscles can vary their activation as needed. During walking, 73% of the muscles had feasible muscle activation ranges that were greater than 95% of the total muscle activation range over more than 95% of the gait cycle, indicating that, individually, most muscles could be fully active or fully inactive while still satisfying inverse dynamics joint torques. Moreover, the shapes of the feasible muscle activation ranges did not resemble previously-reported muscle activation patterns nor optimal solutions, i.e. static optimization and computed muscle control, that are based on the same biomechanical constraints. Our results demonstrate that joint torque requirements from standard inverse dynamics calculations are insufficient to define the activation of individual muscles during walking in healthy individuals. Identifying feasible muscle activation ranges may be an effective way to evaluate the impact of additional biomechanical and/or neural constraints on possible versus actual muscle activity in both normal and impaired movements.

Indexed as

AdolescentBiomechanical PhenomenaFeasibility StudiesGaitHumansKineticsMaleModels, BiologicalMusclesTorqueWalkingBiomechanicsGaitMotor controlMuscle coordinationMusculoskeletal model

Identifiers

PMID26300401
PMCPMC4592831

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.