ReviewBMC medicine2015
Relevance of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer.
Review in BMC medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 137 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
137 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 228 citations in OpenAlex.
- Drug repositioning for immunotherapy in breast cancer using single-cell analysis.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2024Pooled it
- Pathological Diagnosis, Work-Up and Reporting of Breast Cancer 1st Central-Eastern European Professional Consensus Statement on Breast Cancer.Pathology oncology research : POR · 2022Pooled it
- Unveiling the Link Between Inflammation and Adaptive Immunity in Breast Cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Pooled it
- The Prognostic Value of Tumor-infiltrating Lymphocytes in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Scientific reports · 2017Pooled it
- Expanding the PD-L1 Paradigm: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Scoring Systems and Additional Biomarkers Influencing Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Outcomes in Breast Cancer.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterPooled it
- Biomarker-guided responses in patient-derived organoids predict effective therapies in breast cancer.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Trial
- Phase I/II trial of palbociclib, pembrolizumab and letrozole in patients with hormone receptor-positive metastatic breast cancer.European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) · 2021Trial
- The effect of anesthetic technique on µ-opioid receptor expression and immune cell infiltration in breast cancer.Journal of anesthesia · 2018Trial
- Longitudinal evaluation of tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte scoring using automated region of interest registration in breast cancer.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes display prognostic signatures associated with chemotherapy response in TNBC patients.iScience · 2026Article
- Identification of a prognostic model using immune related genes combined with tumour mutational burden and T cell infiltration in triple-negative breast cancer.Oncology letters · 2026Article
- Prognostic significance of peripheral myeloid-derived suppressor cells in advanced breast cancer.Breast cancer (Tokyo, Japan) · 2026Article
- Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of stromal maturity, tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes, and systemic environment in breast cancer.Diagnostic pathology · 2026Article
- Density of tertiary lymphoid structures predict clinical outcome in hepatoblastoma.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- BHLHE22, targeted by deubiquitinating enzyme OTUD3, exerts an antitumor role in triple-negative breast cancer progression via transcriptionally inhibiting CDT1.Breast cancer research : BCR · 2026Article
- Prognostic value of a simplified score based on routine parameters in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with systemic therapies: a retrospective cohort study.Journal of gastrointestinal oncology · 2025Article
- Recombinant antibodies from clonally expanded cancer-associated plasma cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2025Article
- Emerging clinical applications of single-cell RNA sequencing in oncology.Nature reviews. Clinical oncology · 2025Review
- MRPL24 drives breast cancer metastasis and stemness by targeting c-MYC, BRD4, and STAT3.3 Biotech · 2025Article
- Immunomodulatory effects of photothermal therapy in breast cancer: advances and challenges.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
77 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While breast cancer has not been considered a cancer amenable to immunotherapeutic approaches, recent studies have demonstrated evidence of significant immune cell infiltration via tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in a subset of patient tumors. In this review we present the current evidence highlighting the clinical relevance and utility of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes in breast cancer. Retrospective and prospective studies have shown that the presence of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes is a prognostic marker for higher responses to neoadjuvant chemotherapy and better survival, particularly in triple negative and HER2-positive early breast cancer. Further work is required to determine the immune subsets important in this response and to discover ways of encouraging immune infiltrate in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes-negative patients.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.