ReviewAutoimmunity reviews2016
The critical role of toll-like receptors--From microbial recognition to autoimmunity: A comprehensive review.
Review in Autoimmunity reviews, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 128 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
128 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 259 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recommendations for COVID-19 vaccination in people with rheumatic disease: Developed by the Singapore Chapter of Rheumatologists.International journal of rheumatic diseases · 2021Pooled it
- Dietary Interventions with Polyphenols in Osteoarthritis: A Systematic Review Directed from the Preclinical Data to Randomized Clinical Studies.Nutrients · 2021Pooled it
- TLR9 Rs352140 polymorphism contributes to a decreased risk of bacterial meningitis: evidence from a meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2020Pooled it
- Association between TLR2 + 2477G/A polymorphism and bacterial meningitis: a meta-analysis.Epidemiology and infection · 2018Pooled it
- Association between the TLR2 Arg753Gln polymorphism and the risk of sepsis: a meta-analysis.Critical care (London, England) · 2015Pooled it
- Polymorphisms in Toll-Like Receptor 10 and Tuberculosis Susceptibility: Evidence from Three Independent Series.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Evolutionary Response Patterns of the RodentEcology and evolution · 2026Article
- Toll-like receptor 2 coordinates induction of IL-22 in lung macrophages following organic dust-induced inflammation.Frontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factors in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Central Pathogenic Roles and Therapeutic Opportunities.Journal of inflammation research · 2026Review
- Immunopathogenesis and Therapeutics of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: an Integrative Review.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2025Review
- Modulation of Toll-like Receptors with Natural Compounds: A Therapeutic Avenue Against Inflammaging?International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Emerging Biomarkers in Urological Cancers: Angiogenesis and Damage-Associated Molecular Pattern Signaling.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Upregulation of TLR-MYD88 signaling, stem cell genes, and Klotho mediates sepsis-associated myocardial inflammation.Molecular biology reports · 2025Article
- The Novel Role of the Expression of Toll-like Receptors TLR-5, TLR-6, and TLR-9 and Associated Up-Regulation of Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor (PD-1) and Its Ligand (PD-L1) in Lung Sepsis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Research Progress on Anti-Inflammatory Mechanism ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Early responses of primary human and bovine monocytes, monocytic THP-1 cells and THP-1 cell-derived macrophages to vitalFrontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Research progress in RBC alloimmunization.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Enhancement of HPV therapeutic peptide-based vaccine efficacy through combination therapies and improved delivery strategies: A review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Review
- Therapeutic effect of recombinant Echinococcus granulosus antigen B subunit 2 protein on sepsis in a mouse model.Parasites & vectors · 2024Article
- Microcrystal electron diffraction structure of Toll-like receptor 2 TIR-domain-nucleated MyD88 TIR-domain higher-order assembly.Acta crystallographica. Section D, Structural biology · 2024Article
68 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) constitute an important mechanism in the activation of innate immune cells including monocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Macrophage activation by TLRs is pivotal in the initiation of the rapid expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-1β and IL-6 while promoting Th17 responses, all of which play critical roles in autoimmunity. Surprisingly, in inflammatory arthritis, activation of specific TLRs can not only induce but also inhibit cellular processes associated with bone destruction. The intercellular and intracellular orchestration of signals from different TLRs, their endogenous or microbial ligands and accessory molecules determine the activating or inhibitory responses. Herein, we review the TLR-mediated activation of innate immune cells in their activation and differentiation to osteoclasts and the capacity of these signals to contribute to bone destruction in arthritis. Detailed understanding of the opposing mechanisms of TLRs in the induction and suppression of cellular processes in arthritis may pave the way to develop novel therapies to treat autoimmunity.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.