Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26299707›Full record

ArticleSchizophrenia research2015

Memory systems in schizophrenia: Modularity is preserved but deficits are generalized.

Kristen M Haut, Katherine H Karlsgodt, Robert M Bilder, Eliza Congdon, Nelson B Freimer, Edythe D London, Fred W Sabb, Joseph Ventura, Tyrone D Cannon

Abstract readComparative Study
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Schizophrenia research, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kristen M HautPsychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. Electronic address: kristen.haut@yale.edu.
Katherine H KarlsgodtFeinstein Institute for Medical Research, Zucker Hillside Hospital, North Shore-LIJ Health System, Manhasset, NY, USA.
Robert M BilderPsychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Psychology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Eliza CongdonPsychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Nelson B FreimerPsychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Edythe D LondonPsychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Brain Research Institute, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Fred W SabbLewis Center for Neuroimaging, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
Joseph VenturaPsychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Tyrone D CannonPsychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

Funding

Human Translational Applications Core (HTA - Core) (7 of 8)PL1MH083271 · NIMH · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI BILDER, ROBERT M · 2007 to 2011
$5.8M
Consortium for Neuropsychiatric Phenomics-Coordinating Center (1 of 8)UL1DE019580 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES · PI BILDER, ROBERT M · 2008 to 2011
$1.9M
Memory Mechanisms and Mental DisordersRL1MH083269 · NIMH · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI CANNON, TYRONE D · 2007 to 2011
$1.8M
NIDCR NIH HHS UL1 DE019580NIDCR NIH HHS UL1-DE019580NIMH NIH HHS L30 MH098412NIMH NIH HHS PL1 MH083271NIMH NIH HHS PL1MH083271NIMH NIH HHS RL1 MH083269NIMH NIH HHS RL1MH083269
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveSchizophrenia patients exhibit impaired working and episodic memory, but this may represent generalized impairment across memory modalities or performance deficits restricted to particular memory systems in subgroups of patients. Furthermore, it is unclear whether deficits are unique from those associated with other disorders.

methodHealthy controls (n=1101) and patients with schizophrenia (n=58), bipolar disorder (n=49) and attention-deficit-hyperactivity-disorder (n=46) performed 18 tasks addressing primarily verbal and spatial episodic and working memory. Effect sizes for group contrasts were compared across tasks and the consistency of subjects' distributional positions across memory domains was measured.

resultsSchizophrenia patients performed poorly relative to the other groups on every test. While low to moderate correlation was found between memory domains (r=.320), supporting modularity of these systems, there was limited agreement between measures regarding each individual's task performance (ICC=.292) and in identifying those individuals falling into the lowest quintile (kappa=0.259). A general ability factor accounted for nearly all of the group differences in performance and agreement across measures in classifying low performers.

conclusionsPathophysiological processes involved in schizophrenia appear to act primarily on general abilities required in all tasks rather than on specific abilities within different memory domains and modalities. These effects represent a general shift in the overall distribution of general ability (i.e., each case functioning at a lower level than they would have if not for the illness), rather than presence of a generally low-performing subgroup of patients. There is little evidence that memory impairments in schizophrenia are shared with bipolar disorder and ADHD.

Indexed as

Schizophrenic PsychologyAdultAttention Deficit Disorder with HyperactivityBipolar DisorderCognitionFemaleHumansMaleMemory DisordersMemory, EpisodicMemory, Short-TermMiddle AgedNeuropsychological TestsPrincipal Component AnalysisPsychiatric Status Rating ScalesSchizophreniaBipolar disorderCognitionEpisodic memoryPsychosisWorking memory

Identifiers

PMID26299707
PMCPMC4591239

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
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Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.