ArticleAmerican heart journal2015
Six-year change in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein and risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality.
Article in American heart journal, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.
- Purpose in life and c-reactive protein: An individual-participant meta-analysis of >50,000 adults.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- The effect of statin therapy in combination with ezetimibe on circulating C-reactive protein levels: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Inflammopharmacology · 2022Pooled it
- Association between serum level of C-reactive protein and risk of cardiovascular events based on cohort studies.Journal of human hypertension · 2021Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Impact of metformin on C-reactive protein levels in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a meta-analysis.Oncotarget · 2017 · on this mapPooled it
- Differential associations of somatic and cognitive-affective symptoms of depression with inflammation and insulin resistance: cross-sectional and longitudinal results from the Emotional Distress Sub-Study of the GRADE study.Diabetologia · 2025 · on this mapTrial
- Effects of Diet and Sodium Reduction on Cardiac Injury, Strain, and Inflammation: The DASH-Sodium Trial.Journal of the American College of Cardiology · 2021Trial
- Association of Initial and Serial C-Reactive Protein Levels With Adverse Cardiovascular Events and Death After Acute Coronary Syndrome: A Secondary Analysis of the VISTA-16 Trial.JAMA cardiology · 2019Trial
- Association of systemic inflammation with major adverse cardiovascular events in patients with acute myocardial infarction.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- The High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein-Albumin-Lymphocyte Index Is a Prognostic Marker for All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in Patients With ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction.Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions · 2026Article
- Association between C-reactive protein-triglyceride glucose index (CTI) and cardiovascular and all-cause mortality risk among the elderly population: insights from three datasets.Clinical research in cardiology : official journal of the German Cardiac Society · 2026Article
- Prognostic significance of 1-year versus baseline high-sensitivity C-reactive protein after acute myocardial infarction: nationwide landmark results.The Korean journal of internal medicine · 2026Article
- Repeat CRP measurements and incident myocardial infarction.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Systemic Inflammation and Adverse Outcomes in Patients With Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease and Chronic Kidney Disease.JACC. Advances · 2026Article
- C-reactive protein in cardiovascular disease: clinical associations, conformation-dependent biology, and therapeutic perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Relationship between aggregate index of systemic inflammation and mortality from CCD and malignant neoplasms in diabetic patients.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Exploring the Link Between C-Reactive Protein Change and Stroke Risk: Insights From a Prospective Cohort Study and Genetic Evidence.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2025Article
- Effects of Walking and Barre Exercise on CES-D, Stress Hormones, hs-CRP, and Immunoglobulins in Elderly Women.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Anti-Inflammatory Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors: Focus on Macrophages.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Association of Children's Dietary Inflammatory Index with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms in Adolescents: Mediating Role of Inflammation and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors.Alpha psychiatry · 2025Article
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundSingle measurements of elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) are associated with increased risk of diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and mortality. Large increases or sustained elevations in hs-CRP may be associated with even greater risk of these outcomes. The objective of this study was to characterize the association of 6-year change in hs-CRP with incident diabetes, incident cardiovascular events (heart disease, stroke, and heart failure), and mortality.
methodsWe included 10,160 ARIC participants with hs-CRP measured at visits 2 (1990-1992) and 4 (1996-1998). Change in hs-CRP was categorized as sustained low/moderate (<3 mg/L at both visits), decreased (≥3 mg/L at visit 2 and <3 mg/L at visit 4), increased (<3 mg/L at visit 2 and ≥3 mg/L at visit 4), and sustained elevated (≥3 mg/L at both visits). Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the association of 6-year change in hs-CRP with incident diabetes, cardiovascular events, and death during ~15 years after visit 4.
resultsCompared with persons with sustained low/moderate hs-CRP, those with increased or sustained elevated hs-CRP had an increased risk of incident diabetes (hazard ratios [95% CIs] 1.56 [1.38-1.76] and 1.39 [1.25-1.56], respectively), whereas those with deceased hs-CRP did not. Persons with sustained elevated hs-CRP had an increased risk of coronary heart disease, ischemic stroke, heart failure, and mortality (hazard ratios [95% CIs] 1.51 [1.23-1.85], 1.70 [1.32-2.20], 1.60 [1.35-1.89], and 1.52 [1.37-1.69], respectively) compared with those with sustained low/moderate hs-CRP. Associations for sustained elevated hs-CRP were greater than for those with increased hs-CRP over 6 years.
conclusionsLarge increases or sustained elevations in hs-CRP over a 6-year period were associated with a subsequent increased risk of diabetes, and persons with sustained elevations in hs-CRP were at the highest risk for cardiovascular disease and mortality. Two measurements of hs-CRP are better than one for characterizing risk, and large increases are particularly prognostic.
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