ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2015
Decreased T Follicular Regulatory Cell/T Follicular Helper Cell (TFH) in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques May Contribute to Accumulation of TFH in Chronic Infection.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 56 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Hitchhiker Guide to CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2021Pooled it
- High-Frequency, Functional HIV-Specific T-Follicular Helper and Regulatory Cells Are Present Within Germinal Centers in Children but Not Adults.Frontiers in immunology · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Neonatal immunity associated with heterologous HIV-1 neutralizing antibody induction in SHIV-infected Rhesus Macaques.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Differential Diagnosis of Tuberculosis and Sarcoidosis by Immunological Features Using Machine Learning.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Article
- Clinical significance of T helper cell subsets in the peripheral blood and bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Review
- The impact of HIV infection on the frequencies, function, spatial localization and heterogeneity of T follicular regulatory cells (TFRs) within human lymph nodes.BMC immunology · 2022Article
- Bcl6-Mediated Transcriptional Regulation of Follicular Helper T cells (TTrends in immunology · 2021Review
- The Role of Tissue Resident Memory CD4 T Cells in Herpes Simplex Viral and HIV Infection.Viruses · 2021Review
- PDL1 blockage increases fetal resorption and Tfr cells but does not affect Tfh/Tfr ratio and B-cell maturation during allogeneic pregnancy.Cell death & disease · 2020Article
- Regulatory T Cell Plasticity and Stability and Autoimmune Diseases.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2020Review
- Follicular regulatory T cells: a novel target for immunotherapy?Clinical & translational immunology · 2020Review
- Harnessing Activin A Adjuvanticity to Promote Antibody Responses to BG505 HIV Envelope Trimers.Frontiers in immunology · 2020Article
- Follicular regulatory T cells inhibit the development of granzyme B-expressing follicular helper T cells.JCI insight · 2019Article
- Programmed Death-1 Restrains the Germinal Center in Type 1 Diabetes.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Regulatory roles of IL-10-producing human follicular T cells.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2019Article
- Article
- Characterization of HIV-1 Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccines in Rabbits and Rhesus Macaques.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issuedCorrection: Decreased T Follicular Regulatory Cell/T Follicular Helper Cell (T(FH)) in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques May Contribute to Accumulation of T(FH) in Chronic Infection.2015 · Del Rio, Perla Maria Estrada [corrected to Del Rio Estrada, Perla Mariana]
Authors and funding
10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
T follicular helper cells (TFH) are critical for the development and maintenance of germinal center (GC) and humoral immune responses. During chronic HIV/SIV infection, TFH accumulate, possibly as a result of Ag persistence. The HIV/SIV-associated TFH expansion may also reflect lack of regulation by suppressive follicular regulatory CD4(+) T cells (TFR). TFR are natural regulatory T cells (TREG) that migrate into the follicle and, similar to TFH, upregulate CXCR5, Bcl-6, and PD1. In this study, we identified TFR as CD4(+)CD25(+)FOXP3(+)CXCR5(+)PD1(hi)Bcl-6(+) within lymph nodes of rhesus macaques (RM) and confirmed their localization within the GC by immunohistochemistry. RNA sequencing showed that TFR exhibit a distinct transcriptional profile with shared features of both TFH and TREG, including intermediate expression of FOXP3, Bcl-6, PRDM1, IL-10, and IL-21. In healthy, SIV-uninfected RM, we observed a negative correlation between frequencies of TFR and both TFH and GC B cells, as well as levels of CD4(+) T cell proliferation. Post SIV infection, the TFR/TFH ratio was reduced with no change in the frequency of TREG or TFR within the total CD4(+) T cell pool. Finally, we examined whether higher levels of direct virus infection of TFR were responsible for their relative depletion post SIV infection. We found that TFH, TFR, and TREG sorted from SIV-infected RM harbor comparable levels of cell-associated viral DNA. Our data suggest that TFR may contribute to the regulation and proliferation of TFH and GC B cells in vivo and that a decreased TFR/TFH ratio in chronic SIV infection may lead to unchecked expansion of both TFH and GC B cells.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.