ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2015
Protein folding guides disulfide bond formation.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 56 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
56 citing papers in PubMed, 142 citations in OpenAlex.
- Enzyme-Inspired Design of Redox-Active Molecules for Promotion of Oxidative Protein Folding.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2026Review
- Multiscale frameworks for exploring protein energy landscapes: advances in theory and simulation.Journal of biological physics · 2026Review
- Systematic determination of disulfide bond reduction potentials reveals a nonequilibrium redox hierarchy in cyanobacteria.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- Inflammation and RONS Dysregulation by Redox Enzymes as Mechanistic Links in HIV-1-Cancer Comorbidity.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Phosphoglycerate Kinase Can Adopt Topologically Misfolded Forms That Are More Stable Than Its Native State.Journal of the American Chemical Society · 2026Article
- Effects of 2,2'-Azobis(2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) on Functional Properties and Structure of Winged Bean Protein.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Article
- Regulation of Different Types of Cell Death by Noncoding RNAs: Molecular Insights and Therapeutic Implications.ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Review
- Cancer Cell Line Classification Using Raman Spectroscopy of Cancer-Derived Exosomes and Machine Learning.Analytical chemistry · 2025Article
- A Practical Guide to All-Atom and Coarse-Grained Molecular Dynamics Simulations Using Amber and Gromacs: A Case Study of Disulfide-Bond Impact on the Intrinsically Disordered Amyloid Beta.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
- FoldPAthreader: predicting protein folding pathway using a novel folding force field model derived from known protein universe.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Raman Spectroscopic Insights of Phase-Separated Insulin Aggregates.ACS physical chemistry Au · 2024Article
- Multilevel Framework for Analysis of Protein Folding Involving Disulfide Bond Formation.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2024Article
- Scalable production of recombinant three-finger proteins: from inclusion bodies to high quality molecular probes.Microbial cell factories · 2024Article
- Heterogeneity in Disulfide Bond Reduction in IgG1 Antibodies Is Governed by Solvent Accessibility of the Cysteines.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Production and Purification of Cysteine-Rich Leptospiral Virulence-Modifying Proteins with or Without mCherry Fusion.The protein journal · 2023Article
- A Chemoenzymatic Approach To Produce a Cyclic Analogue of the Analgesic Drug MVIIA (Ziconotide).Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2023Article
- Real-time imaging of sulfhydryl single-stranded DNA aggregation.Communications chemistry · 2023Article
- Selection and evolution of disulfide-rich peptidesChemical science · 2023Article
- Inferring Pathways of Oxidative Folding from Prefolding Free Energy Landscapes of Disulfide-Rich Toxins.The journal of physical chemistry. B · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The Anfinsen principle that the protein sequence uniquely determines its structure is based on experiments on oxidative refolding of a protein with disulfide bonds. The problem of how protein folding drives disulfide bond formation is poorly understood. Here, we have solved this long-standing problem by creating a general method for implementing the chemistry of disulfide bond formation and rupture in coarse-grained molecular simulations. As a case study, we investigate the oxidative folding of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor (BPTI). After confirming the experimental findings that the multiple routes to the folded state contain a network of states dominated by native disulfides, we show that the entropically unfavorable native single disulfide [14-38] between Cys14 and Cys38 forms only after polypeptide chain collapse and complete structuring of the central core of the protein containing an antiparallel β-sheet. Subsequent assembly, resulting in native two-disulfide bonds and the folded state, involves substantial unfolding of the protein and transient population of nonnative structures. The rate of [14-38] formation increases as the β-sheet stability increases. The flux to the native state, through a network of kinetically connected native-like intermediates, changes dramatically by altering the redox conditions. Disulfide bond formation between Cys residues not present in the native state are relevant only on the time scale of collapse of BPTI. The finding that formation of specific collapsed native-like structures guides efficient folding is applicable to a broad class of single-domain proteins, including enzyme-catalyzed disulfide proteins.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.