ArticleBMC microbiology2015
Antibacterial and anti-biofilm activity of mouthrinses containing cetylpyridinium chloride and sodium fluoride.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 64 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cetylpyridinium chloride mouth rinses alleviate experimental gingivitis by inhibiting dental plaque maturation.International journal of oral science · 2016Trial
- Efficacy of Biomimetic Hydroxyapatite in the Treatment of Extrinsic Dental Stains in Smokers and Non-Smokers.Materials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Effectiveness of New Isomalt-Containing Toothpaste Formulations in Preventing Dental Caries: A Microbial Study.Dentistry journal · 2024Article
- New Insights Regarding the Use of Relevant Synthetic Compounds in Dentistry.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Caries preventing efficacy of new Isomalt-containing mouthrinse formulations: a microbial study.BDJ open · 2024Article
- Antimicrobial cetylpyridinium chloride causes functional inhibition of mitochondria as potently as canonical mitotoxicants, nanostructural disruption of mitochondria, and mitochondrial CaFood and chemical toxicology : an international journal published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association · 2024Article
- Comprehensive in vitro and in ovo assessment of cytotoxicity: Unraveling the impact of sodium fluoride, xylitol, and their synergistic associations in dental products.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the antibacterial activity of Enamelast® and Fluor defender® fluoride varnishes against Streptococcus mutans biofilm: an in vitro study in primary teeth.European archives of paediatric dentistry : official journal of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry · 2023Article
- The antibiofilm activity of selected substances used in oral health prophylaxis.BMC oral health · 2022Article
- Evaluation of the Effects of Mouthwash on the Morphology and Cell Viability of Osteoblast-Like Cells.BioMed research international · 2022Article
- Article
- Recent Development of Active Ingredients in Mouthwashes and Toothpastes for Periodontal Diseases.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- High Counts and Anthracene Degradation Ability ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2021Article
- Antimicrobial Activity, Biocompatibility and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Cetylpyridinium Chloride-based Mouthwash Containing Sodium Fluoride and Xylitol: An In Vitro Study.Oral health & preventive dentistry · 2020Article
- Cetylpyridinium Chloride: Mechanism of Action, Antimicrobial Efficacy in Biofilms, and Potential Risks of Resistance.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2020Review
- Analysis of the Destabilization of Bacterial Membranes by Quaternary Ammonium Compounds: A Combined Experimental and Computational Study.Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology · 2020Article
- Hydroxyapatite in Oral Biofilm Management.European journal of dentistry · 2019Article
- Antimicrobial Effect of Newly Formulated Toothpastes and a Mouthrinse on Specific Microorganisms: An In Vitro Study.European journal of dentistry · 2019Article
- Inhibition ofBiotechnology reports (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2019Article
- The Droplet-Size Effect Of Squalene@cetylpyridinium Chloride Nanoemulsions On Antimicrobial Potency Against Planktonic And Biofilm MRSA.International journal of nanomedicine · 2019Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and sodium fluoride augment oral hygiene by inactivating bacteria and inhibiting enamel demineralisation, respectively. However, there are few reports in the literature documenting the antibacterial efficacy of their combined use in mouthrinses. We have used six experimental systems to compare the antibacterial effects of mouthrinses containing 0.075% CPC (test rinse, TR) or 0.075% CPC with sodium fluoride (test fluoride rinse, TFR).
resultsEffects against planktonic bacteria were determined using viable counting (for Streptococcus mutans and salivary bacteria), a redox dye (for Actinomyces viscosus and salivary bacteria) and viable counting (for ex vivo oral rinses). Effects against saliva-derived biofilms were quantified using confocal microscopy and differential viable counting. Inhibition of biofilm formation was evaluated by pre-treating hydroxyapatite coupons with mouthrinses prior to inoculation. Otherwise-identical controls without CPC (control rinse and control fluoride rinse, CR and CFR, respectively), were included throughout. Compared to the controls, TFR and TR demonstrated significant antimicrobial effects in the redox assays, by viable counts (>3 log reductions) and in oral rinse samples (>1.25 log reductions, p < 0.05). TFR and TR also significantly reduced the viability of oral biofilms. Pre-treatment of hydroxyapatite with TFR and TR significantly inhibited biofilm formation (>3 log difference, p < 0.05). Overall, there were no consistent differences in the activities of TR and TFR.
conclusionsSodium fluoride did not influence the antibacterial and anti-biofilm potency of CPC-containing formulations, supporting the combined use of CPC and sodium fluoride in mouthrinses to control oral bacteria and protect tooth enamel.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.