ReviewNaunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology2015
What is the main mechanism of tramadol?
Review in Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 73 citations in OpenAlex.
- Tramadol with or without paracetamol (acetaminophen) for cancer pain.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of Intraligamentary Tramadol Hydrochloride on Anesthetic Success During Endodontic Management of Mandibular Molars: A Randomized Clinical Controlled Trial.European endodontic journal · 2024Trial
- Addition of 100 mg of Tramadol to 40 mL of 0.5% Ropivacaine for Interscalene Brachial Plexus Block Improves Postoperative Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Shoulder Surgeries as Compared to Ropivacaine Alone-A Randomized Controlled Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2019Trial
- Acute tramadol enhances brain activity associated with reward anticipation in the nucleus accumbens.Psychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Rutin attenuates Tramadol-induced lung injury in rats by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2026Article
- Dihydrokoumine, a dual-target analgesic with reduced side effects isolated from a traditional Chinese medicine.Journal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Synergistic Interaction BetweenPharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Assessment of metabolic interaction between curcumin and tramadol using the isolated perfused rat liver.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Safety and Efficacy of Combined Injection of Pure-μ-Opioid Agonist with Tramadol as an Opioid Induction Agent for Opioid-Naïve Cancer Patients.Palliative medicine reports · 2024Article
- Combination Drug Therapy for the Management of Chronic Neuropathic Pain.Biomolecules · 2023Review
- Comparison between the effects of epidural lidocaine, tramadol, and lidocaine-tramadol on postoperative pain in cats undergoing elective orchiectomy.Acta veterinaria Scandinavica · 2023Article
- Quantification of tramadol and serotonin by cobalt nickel tungstate in real biological samples to evaluate the effect of analgesic drugs on neurotransmitters.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Neurological Effects of Combining Low Toxic Dose of Tramadol and Nicotine: An Animal Model Evidence of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.BioMed research international · 2023Article
- Comparative pharmacokinetics between two tablets of tramadol 37.5 mg/acetaminophen 325 mg and one tablet of tramadol 75 mg/acetaminophen 650 mg for extended-release fixed-dose combination.Translational and clinical pharmacology · 2022Article
- Pharmacological treatments of fibromyalgia in adults; overview of phase IV clinical trials.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- EEG and Sleep Effects of Tramadol Suggest Potential Antidepressant Effects with Different Mechanisms of Action.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Article
- Effects of topical application of tramadol with/without dexmedetomidine and proparacaine on corneal sensitivity in rats.International ophthalmology · 2021Article
- Clinical characteristics distinguishing tramadol-using adolescents from other substance-using adolescents in an out-patient treatment setting.Addictive behaviors reports · 2020Article
- Seizure Prediction Model in Acute Tramadol Poisoning; a Derivation and Validation study.Archives of academic emergency medicine · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Tramadol is an analgesic that is used worldwide for pain, but its mechanisms of action have not been fully elucidated. The majority of studies to date have focused on activation of the μ-opioid receptor (μOR) and inhibition of monoamine reuptake as mechanisms of tramadol. Although it has been speculated that tramadol acts primarily through activation of the μOR, no evidence has revealed whether tramadol directly activates the μOR. During the past decade, major advances have been made in our understanding of the physiology and pharmacology of ion channels and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. Several studies have shown that GPCRs and ion channels are targets for tramadol. In particular, tramadol has been shown to affect GPCRs. Here, the effects of tramadol on GPCRs, monoamine transporters, and ion channels are presented with a discussion of recent research on the mechanisms of tramadol.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.