ReviewThe British journal of nutrition2015
Vitamin E function and requirements in relation to PUFA.
Review in The British journal of nutrition, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.
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The trial behind it
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Who cites it
70 citing papers in PubMed, 204 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- Effects of Dietary Education Program for the Japan Diet on Cholesterol Efflux Capacity: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2022Trial
- Trial
- An overview of international reference values for vitamin E intake - similarities and differences in derivation.European journal of nutrition · 2026Review
- Diet and Atherosclerosis Prevention: Rethinking the Significance of "The Japan Diet".Journal of atherosclerosis and thrombosis · 2026Review
- The Association of Micro- and Macro-Nutrient Patterns With the Risk of Rheumatoid Arthritis in Newly Diagnosed Cases: A Case-Control Study.Health science reports · 2026Article
- Lipid Remodeling in Mouse SR-B1-Deficient Embryos with Oxidative Stress-Associated Neural Tube Defects.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Evaluation of Dry Eye Parameters in Patients with Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Unusual Micronutrient Deficiencies as Causes of Anemia.Nutrients · 2026Review
- Nutrition Research in Aging Dogs and Cats: What We Know and What We Need to Do.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Review
- Immune effects of lipids isolated fromFrontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Fruit Quality Characterization and Comprehensive Evaluation of 30Metabolites · 2025Article
- Effect of Ferula sp. on sperm cryotolerance, quality, and fatty acid composition in common carp (Cyprinus carpio).Veterinary research communications · 2025Article
- Effect of Supplementation of Antioxidant Lipids Synthetized by Enzymatic Acidolysis with EPA/DHA Concentrate and Maqui (Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Autism Spectrum Disorder and Dietary Intake of Vitamin E.Neuropsychopharmacology reports · 2025Article
- Effects of Grape By-Products on Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Farm Animals: An Overview of Studies Performed in Pigs, Chickens, and Cattle.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Review
- Does vitamin E behave like cholesterol? An examination of vitamin E's effects on phospholipid membrane structure and dynamics through sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy.Biophysical journal · 2025Article
- Article
- The energy model of insulin resistance: A unifying theory linking seed oils to metabolic disease and cancer.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Vitamins, Minerals and Phytonutrients as Modulators of Canine Immune Function: A Literature Review.Veterinary sciences · 2024Review
10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vitamin E (α-tocopherol) is recognised as a key essential lipophilic antioxidant in humans protecting lipoproteins, PUFA, cellular and intra-cellular membranes from damage. The aim of this review was to evaluate the relevant published data about vitamin E requirements in relation to dietary PUFA intake. Evidence in animals and humans indicates a minimal basal requirement of 4-5 mg/d of RRR-α-tocopherol when the diet is very low in PUFA. The vitamin E requirement will increase with an increase in PUFA consumption and with the degree of unsaturation of the PUFA in the diet. The vitamin E requirement related to dietary linoleic acid, which is globally the major dietary PUFA in humans, was calculated to be 0·4-0·6 mg of RRR-α-tocopherol/g of linoleic acid. Animal studies show that for fatty acids with a higher degree of unsaturation, the vitamin E requirement increases almost linearly with the degree of unsaturation of the PUFA in the relative ratios of 0·3, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 for mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- and hexaenoic fatty acids, respectively. Assuming a typical intake of dietary PUFA, a vitamin E requirement ranging from 12 to 20 mg of RRR-α-tocopherol/d can be calculated. A number of guidelines recommend to increase PUFA intake as they have well-established health benefits. It will be prudent to assure an adequate vitamin E intake to match the increased PUFA intake, especially as vitamin E intake is already below recommendations in many populations worldwide.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.