ArticleEpigenetics2015
Integrative analysis of methylome and transcriptome in human blood identifies extensive sex- and immune cell-specific differentially methylated regions.
Article in Epigenetics, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 45 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A meta-analysis of immune-cell fractions at high resolution reveals novel associations with common phenotypes and health outcomes.Genome medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Retrotransposons in Bone and Joint Diseases.FASEB bioAdvances · 2026Review
- Knowledge gaps and research priorities to understand sex differences in immunity.PLoS biology · 2026Review
- Grand challenges in sex differences in immunology: problems the field must solve before biological sex can guide clinical practice.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Unified high-resolution immune cell fraction estimation in blood tissue from birth to old age.Genome medicine · 2025Article
- SPRY1 regulates macrophage M1 polarization in skin aging and melanoma prognosis.Translational oncology · 2025Article
- A systematic evaluation of cell-type-specific differential methylation analysis in bulk tissue.Briefings in bioinformatics · 2025Article
- Toward understanding sexual immune dimorphism in humans.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The influence of sex-specific factors on biological transformations and health outcomes in aging processes.Biogerontology · 2024Review
- Epigenetic developmental mechanisms underlying sex differences in cancer.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2024Review
- Trichloroethylene metabolite modulates DNA methylation-dependent gene expression in Th1-polarized CD4+ T cells from autoimmune-prone mice.Toxicological sciences : an official journal of the Society of Toxicology · 2024Article
- Multifaceted immune dysregulation characterizes individuals at-risk for rheumatoid arthritis.Nature communications · 2023Article
- Sex as a biological variable: Mechanistic insights and clinical relevance in solid organ transplantation.American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons · 2023Review
- CimpleG: finding simple CpG methylation signatures.Genome biology · 2023Article
- Profiling the immune epigenome across global cattle breeds.Genome biology · 2023Article
- The Many Faces of Immune Activation in HIV-1 Infection: A Multifactorial Interconnection.Biomedicines · 2023Review
- Sex-specific DNA methylation: impact on human health and development.Molecular genetics and genomics : MGG · 2022Review
- Gender-affirming hormone therapy induces specific DNA methylation changes in blood.Clinical epigenetics · 2022Article
- Identification of Novel Regulatory Regions Induced by Intrauterine Growth Restriction in Rat Islets.Endocrinology · 2022Article
- DNA Methylation: A Target in Neuropathic Pain.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The relationship between DNA methylation and gene expression is complex and elusive. To further elucidate these relations, we performed an integrative analysis of the methylome and transcriptome of 4 circulating immune cell subsets (B cells, monocytes, CD4(+), and CD8(+) T cells) from healthy females. Additionally, in light of the known sex bias in the prevalence of several immune-mediated diseases, the female datasets were compared with similar public available male data sets. Immune cell-specific differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were found to be highly similar between sexes, with an average correlation coefficient of 0.82; however, numerous sex-specific DMRs, shared by the cell subsets, were identified, mainly on autosomal chromosomes. This provides a list of highly interesting candidate genes to be studied in disorders with sexual dimorphism, such as autoimmune diseases. Immune cell-specific DMRs were mainly located in the gene body and intergenic region, distant from CpG islands but overlapping with enhancer elements, indicating that distal regulatory elements are important in immune cell specificity. In contrast, sex-specific DMRs were overrepresented in CpG islands, suggesting that the epigenetic regulatory mechanisms of sex and immune cell specificity may differ. Both positive and, more frequently, negative correlations between subset-specific expression and methylation were observed, and cell-specific DMRs of both interactions were associated with similar biological pathways, while sex-specific DMRs were linked to networks of early development or estrogen receptor and immune-related molecules. Our findings of immune cell- and sex-specific methylome and transcriptome profiles provide novel insight on their complex regulatory interactions and may particularly contribute to research of immune-mediated diseases.
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Registered trials
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