Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26291046›Full record

ArticleRevista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999)2016

Symmetry symptoms in obsessive-compulsive disorder: clinical and genetic correlates.

Christine Lochner, Nathaniel McGregor, Sian Hemmings, Brian H Harvey, Elsie Breet, Sonja Swanevelder, Dan J Stein

Open access · diamondAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Revista brasileira de psiquiatria (Sao Paulo, Brazil : 1999), 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
1.9field-weighted citation impact, top 13% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Living with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD): a South African narrative.International journal of mental health systems · 2018
    Article
  5. Obsessive-compulsive disorder: Insights from animal models.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2017
    Review
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Christine LochnerMRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Nathaniel McGregorDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Sian HemmingsDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Brian H HarveyCentre of Excellence for Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, North-West University, Potchefstroom, South Africa.
Elsie BreetMRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Sonja SwanevelderBiostatistics Unit, Cape Town, South Africa.
Dan J SteinMRC Unit on Anxiety and Stress Disorders, Department of Psychiatry, University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
Stellenbosch University · ZAGroote Schuur Hospital · ZANorth-West University · ZASouth African Medical Research Council · ZA

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveIn obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), symmetry-related symptoms may be important. Although clinical correlates of symmetry-related symptoms have been identified in OCD, few data exist on genetic associations. Animal studies indicate involvement of dopamine in symmetry-related behavior, suggesting this may be relevant to analogous symptoms in OCD. Alterations in dopamine may also reflect environmental influences. However, the association of symmetry-related symptomatology, early adversity, and polymorphisms in dopaminergic genes has not been investigated in OCD.

methodsClinical information and polymorphisms in key dopaminergic genes were compared between OCD patients with primary symmetry symptoms and those without.

resultsOCD patients with primary symmetry symptoms comprised 46.6% (n=210) of the sample (n=451), and were older (p < 0.01), had longer illness duration (p < 0.01), higher OCD severity scores (p = 0.01), and greater comorbidity (p < 0.01) than those without. In Caucasians (n=343), genotype frequency differed significantly between groups for ANKK1 rs1800497, with more OCD patients with symmetry symptoms being homozygous for the A2 (CC) genotype (χ2 = 7.296; p = 0.026).

conclusionSymmetry symptoms have some distinct clinical features and may represent a marker of severity in OCD. However, clinical associations, in combination with the association found with the ANKK1 rs1800497 A2 variant, suggest that primary symmetry symptoms may represent a distinctive clinical and psychobiological profile.

Indexed as

AdolescentAdultDopamineFemaleGenotypeHumansMajor Depressive DisorderMaleMiddle AgedObsessive-Compulsive DisorderPerfectionismPolymorphism, GeneticProtein Serine-Threonine KinasesSeverity of Illness IndexStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticTandem Repeat SequencesANKK1 protein, humanDopamineProtein Serine-Threonine Kinases

Identifiers

PMID26291046
PMCPMC7115475
OpenAlexW2248684183

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.