ArticleScience translational medicine2015
TH2 and TH17 inflammatory pathways are reciprocally regulated in asthma.
Article in Science translational medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 267 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
267 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 440 citations in OpenAlex.
- Violence-Related Distress, Nasal Epithelial Gene Expression, and T17-High Asthma in Youth.Pediatric pulmonology · 2026Pooled it
- Chronic Inflammation as the Underlying Mechanism of the Development of Lung Diseases in Psoriasis: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Pooled it
- Characteristics and Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Asthma.Inflammation · 2022Pooled it
- Multifunctional biomaterial platforms for blocking the fibrosis process and promoting cellular restoring effects in myocardial fibrosis therapy.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2022Pooled it
- ARTEMISIA: a mechanistic study of a novel Janus kinase 1 inhibitor to advance molecular understanding and precision medicine in asthma.Respiratory research · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Airway remodelling rather than cellular infiltration characterizes both type2 cytokine biomarker-high and -low severe asthma.Allergy · 2022Trial
- Peanut oral immunotherapy differentially suppresses clonally distinct subsets of T helper cells.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2022Trial
- A phase I, randomized, observer-blinded, single and multiple ascending-dose study to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics, and immunogenicity of BITS7201A, a bispecific antibody targeting IL-13 and IL-17, in healthy volunteers.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2019Trial
- An airway epithelial IL-17A response signature identifies a steroid-unresponsive COPD patient subgroup.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2019Trial
- Article
- Collaborative functionality between three types of inflammation in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.Nature immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Mechanisms and therapeutic strategies of asthma: from bench to bedside.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Autophagy functions in lung macrophages and dendritic cells to regulate allergen-dependent inflammatory responses.Autophagy · 2026Article
- Persistent exposure to second-hand smoke and asthma endotypes in a study of Puerto Rican youth.Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2026Article
- Article
- Recombinant Echinococcus granulosus myophilin alleviates airway inflammation in mice with ovalbumin-induced allergic asthma via the gut microbiota-metabolite-immune axis.Parasites & vectors · 2026Article
- Type 2 lymphocytes restrict type 3 lymphocytes during liver fibrosis and colocalize in fibroblast niches.Science advances · 2026Article
- The E3 ligases Itch and WWP2 regulate autoimmune neuroinflammation by controlling TNature communications · 2026Article
207 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
- Commented on by
Authors and funding
25 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that asthma is a heterogeneous disorder regulated by distinct molecular mechanisms. In a cross-sectional study of asthmatics of varying severity (n = 51), endobronchial tissue gene expression analysis revealed three major patient clusters: TH2-high, TH17-high, and TH2/17-low. TH2-high and TH17-high patterns were mutually exclusive in individual patient samples, and their gene signatures were inversely correlated and differentially regulated by interleukin-13 (IL-13) and IL-17A. To understand this dichotomous pattern of T helper 2 (TH2) and TH17 signatures, we investigated the potential of type 2 cytokine suppression in promoting TH17 responses in a preclinical model of allergen-induced asthma. Neutralization of IL-4 and/or IL-13 resulted in increased TH17 cells and neutrophilic inflammation in the lung. However, neutralization of IL-13 and IL-17 protected mice from eosinophilia, mucus hyperplasia, and airway hyperreactivity and abolished the neutrophilic inflammation, suggesting that combination therapies targeting both pathways may maximize therapeutic efficacy across a patient population comprising both TH2 and TH17 endotypes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.