SynthesisPloS one2015
Effect of Intracuff Lidocaine on Postoperative Sore Throat and the Emergence Phenomenon: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
Synthesis in PloS one, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03563963 (Evaluating Ropivacaine and Lidocaine in the Endotracheal Tube Cuff on Post-Operative Sore Throat Incidence and Severity - A Randomized Clinical Trial), which is not on this map. Cited by 30 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluating Ropivacaine and Lidocaine in the Endotracheal Tube Cuff on Post-Operative Sore Throat Incidence and Severity - A Randomized Clinical Trial
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Implementation of Evidence in Preventing Postoperative Sore Throat of Patients Undergoing General Anesthesia Intubation Using the i-PARIHS Framework.Computational intelligence and neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Comparative Efficacy of 6 Topical Pharmacological Agents for Preventive Interventions of Postoperative Sore Throat After Tracheal Intubation: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.Anesthesia and analgesia · 2021Pooled it
- Efficacy of intracuff lidocaine in reducing coughing on tube: a systematic review and meta-analysis.The Journal of international medical research · 2020Pooled it
- Comparison of Intratracheal Dexmedetomidine versus Lignocaine on Attenuating Emergence Cough Response to Extubation in Patients Undergoing Craniotomy for Intracranial Tumor: A Multi-arm Randomized Controlled Trial.Annals of African medicine · 2026Trial
- Efficacy of lidocaine via trachospray in postoperative sore throat and hemodynamic response to intubation: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of continuous intravenous infusion of lidocaine on postoperative sore throat after laryngeal mask insertion: a randomized controlled trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2025Trial
- Effect of cuff inflation with lidocaine, saline, and air on tracheal tube cuff pressure during laparoscopic resection of colorectal neoplasms: a randomized clinical trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Trial
- Intravenous versus intracuff alkalinized lidocaine to prevent postoperative sore throat: a prospective randomized controlled trial.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Trial
- [Balloon catheter inflation with alkalinized lidocaine reduces post-operative laryngeal pain: a prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial].The Pan African medical journal · 2022Trial
- Staggering the dose of sugammadex lowers risks for severe emergence cough: a randomized control trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2017Trial
- Trial
- The effect of dexmedetomidine on decrease of cough, hemodynamic parameters and Ramsay scoreMedical gas researchTrial
- Intraoperative supraglottic airway device, anesthetic, and mechanical factors associated with acute postoperative sore throat in elective tympanoplasty: a retrospective cohort study.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Article
- All India Difficult Airway Association 2025 guidelines for extubation of the "at-risk" airway.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2025Article
- Lidocaine vs. Mometasone Furoate Around the Pediatric Tracheal Tube Cuff: Hemodynamic Stress Response and Postoperative Airway Complications: A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Postoperative Sore Throat After Tracheal Intubation: An Updated Narrative Review and Call for Action.Journal of pain research · 2025Review
- Comparative Efficacy of Intracuff 1% and 2% Alkalinized Lignocaine with Saline on Endotracheal Tube-Induced Hemodynamic Changes and Emergence Phenomena in Neurosurgical Patients.Asian journal of neurosurgery · 2024Article
- Comparison between dexmedetomidine and lidocaine for attenuation of cough response during tracheal extubation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Indian journal of anaesthesia · 2024Article
- Multimodal prevention of emergence cough following nasal endoscopic surgery under general anesthesia: a double-blind randomized trial.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPostoperative sore throat and other airway morbidities are common and troublesome after endotracheal tube intubation general anesthesia (ETGA). We propose lidocaine as endotracheal tube (ETT) cuff inflation media to reduce the postintubation-related emergence phenomenon.
methodsWe searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases systematically for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that have investigated the outcome of intracuff lidocaine versus air or saline in patients receiving ETGA. Using a random-effects model, we conducted a meta-analysis to assess the relative risks (RRs) and mean difference (MD) of the incidence and intensity of relevant adverse outcomes.
resultsWe reviewed nineteen trials, which comprised 1566 patients. The incidence of early- and late-phase postoperative sore throat (POST), coughing, agitation, hoarseness, and dysphonia decreased significantly in lidocaine groups, with RRs of 0.46 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.31 to 0.68), 0.41 (95% CI: 0.25 to 0.66), 0.43 (95% CI: 0.31 to 0.62), 0.37 (95% CI: 0.25 to 0.55), 0.43 (95% CI: 0.29 to 0.63), and 0.19 (95% CI: 0.08 to 0.5), respectively, when compared with the control groups. The severity of POST also reduced significantly (mean difference [MD] -16.43 mm, 95% CI: -21.48 to -11.38) at 1 h and (MD -10.22 mm, 95% CI: -13.5 to -6.94) at 24 h. Both alkalinized and non-alkalinized lidocaine in the subgroup analyses showed significant benefits in emergence phenomena prevention compared with the control.
conclusionOur results indicate that both alkalinized and non-alkalinized intracuff lidocaine may prevent and alleviate POST and postintubation-related emergence phenomena.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.