Evidence map›Paper›PMID 26286084›Full record

ArticleOrigins of life and evolution of the biosphere : the journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life2016

Timescales of Oxygenation Following the Evolution of Oxygenic Photosynthesis.

Lewis M Ward, Joseph L Kirschvink, Woodward W Fischer

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere : the journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life, 2016. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
14.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 110 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Revisiting the greatness of Earth's great oxidation.Communications earth & environment · 2026
    Review
  5. A diverse Palaeoproterozoic microbial ecosystem implies early eukaryogenesis.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  6. Aerobic nitrogen cycle 100 My before permanent atmospheric oxygenation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Iron: Life's primeval transition metal.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Article
  12. On the roles of function and selection in evolving systems.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  13. Archean phosphorus recycling facilitated by ultraviolet radiation.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. The Archean atmosphere.Science advances · 2020
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Lewis M WardDivision of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA. LWARD@caltech.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9290-2567
Joseph L KirschvinkDivision of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Woodward W FischerDivision of Geological and Planetary Sciences, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Blvd, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
California Institute of Technology · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Among the most important bioenergetic innovations in the history of life was the invention of oxygenic photosynthesis-autotrophic growth by splitting water with sunlight-by Cyanobacteria. It is widely accepted that the invention of oxygenic photosynthesis ultimately resulted in the rise of oxygen by ca. 2.35 Gya, but it is debated whether this occurred more or less immediately as a proximal result of the evolution of oxygenic Cyanobacteria or whether they originated several hundred million to more than one billion years earlier in Earth history. The latter hypothesis involves a prolonged period during which oxygen production rates were insufficient to oxidize the atmosphere, potentially due to redox buffering by reduced species such as higher concentrations of ferrous iron in seawater. To examine the characteristic timescales for environmental oxygenation following the evolution of oxygenic photosynthesis, we applied a simple mathematical approach that captures many of the salient features of the major biogeochemical fluxes and reservoirs present in Archean and early Paleoproterozoic surface environments. Calculations illustrate that oxygenation would have overwhelmed redox buffers within ~100 kyr following the emergence of oxygenic photosynthesis, a geologically short amount of time unless rates of primary production were far lower than commonly expected. Fundamentally, this result arises because of the multiscale nature of the carbon and oxygen cycles: rates of gross primary production are orders of magnitude too fast for oxygen to be masked by Earth's geological buffers, and can only be effectively matched by respiration at non-negligible O2 concentrations. These results suggest that oxygenic photosynthesis arose shortly before the rise of oxygen, not hundreds of millions of years before it.

Indexed as

Biological EvolutionEvolution, PlanetaryPhotosynthesisEarth, PlanetModels, ChemicalOrigin of LifeOxygenOxygenAerobic respirationBiogeochemistryGreat oxidation eventMethanePhototrophy

Identifiers

PMID26286084
OpenAlexW1670129459

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.